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| { | |
| "cells": [ | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "## IPythonでインタラクティブな図を作ろう" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "IPythonでインタラクティブな図を作る方法を紹介します。一番簡単なのはインタラクティブなUIを自動的に作成する`interact`関数 (`IPython.html.widgets.interact`) を使う方法です。\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "* 注１）この記事よりもう少し詳しい説明は [Interactの使い方](http://nbviewer.ipython.org/gist/tanemaki/de772cdbea35db2d9a23#) としてnbviewerにまとめておきましたので、興味のある方はそちらもどうぞ。\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "* 注２）[この記事のIPython Notebook](http://nbviewer.ipython.org/gist/tanemaki/904ffaa754c0e3481741)はそのままnbviewerからダウンロードできます。インタラクティブな描画を手軽に試したい方はどうぞ。" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "最初に必要となるモジュールを読み込みます。" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "execution_count": 1, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": false | |
| }, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stderr", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| ":0: FutureWarning: IPython widgets are experimental and may change in the future.\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "source": [ | |
| "from __future__ import print_function\n", | |
| "from IPython.html.widgets import interact, interactive, fixed\n", | |
| "from IPython.html import widgets" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "その上で、まずはインタラクティブに操作したい関数を定義します。" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "execution_count": 2, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": false | |
| }, | |
| "outputs": [], | |
| "source": [ | |
| "def f(x):\n", | |
| " print(x)" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "次に、`interact`関数の第一引数に操作したい関数を渡し、キーワード引数としてそれっぽい引数（widget abbreviation）を渡します。たったこれだけです。下のコードを実行するとスライダーが現れ、クリクリできて楽しいです。" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "execution_count": 3, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": false | |
| }, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "0\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "source": [ | |
| "interact(f, x=(-10, 10, 2));" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "んで、上と下はまったく同義。上がwidget abbreviationを渡す方法で、下がwidgetのインスタンスを渡す方法です。" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "execution_count": 4, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": false | |
| }, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "0\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "source": [ | |
| "interact(f, x=widgets.IntSliderWidget(min=-10, max=10, step=2, value=0));" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "初期値を設定したい場合は`interact`をデコレータとして使います。" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "execution_count": 5, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": false | |
| }, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "name": "stdout", | |
| "output_type": "stream", | |
| "text": [ | |
| "8\n" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "source": [ | |
| "@interact(x=(-10, 10, 2))\n", | |
| "def g(x=8):\n", | |
| " print(x)" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "代表的なウィジェットには以下のようなものがあります。`interact`関数のキーワード引数に渡すのは、左側のそれっぽい引数（widget abbreviation）か、右側のwidgetのインスタンスのどちらかです。\n", | |
| "\n", | |
| "| キーワード引数 | ウィジェット |\n", | |
| "|:-- |:--|\n", | |
| "| `True` or `False` | `CheckboxWidget` |\n", | |
| "| `u'こんにちは世界！'` | `TextareaWidget` |\n", | |
| "| 整数を用いた `value` or `(min,max)` or `(min,max,step)` | \t `IntSliderWidget` |\n", | |
| "| 実数を用いた `value` or `(min,max)` or `(min,max,step)` |\t `FloatSliderWidget` |\n", | |
| "| `('orange','apple')` or `{'one':1,'two':2}`|\t`DropdownWidget` |" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "markdown", | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "source": [ | |
| "描画と合わせると、さらにクリクリするのが楽しくなります。以下の図は $y = A\\,sin(\\omega x + \\alpha)$ をダイナミックに描画するデモです。$A \\in [0.1, 4.0], \\omega \\in [0.1, 4.0], \\alpha \\in [-\\pi, \\pi]$という３つのパラメータをスライダーで変化させると、それにあわせて図が変化します。こりゃ楽しい！" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "execution_count": 6, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": true | |
| }, | |
| "outputs": [], | |
| "source": [ | |
| "%matplotlib inline\n", | |
| "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n", | |
| "import numpy as np" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "cell_type": "code", | |
| "execution_count": 7, | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "collapsed": false | |
| }, | |
| "outputs": [ | |
| { | |
| "data": { | |
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| ], | |
| "text/plain": [ | |
| "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x108642c10>" | |
| ] | |
| }, | |
| "metadata": {}, | |
| "output_type": "display_data" | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "source": [ | |
| "@interact(amp=(0.1, 4.0, 0.1), omega=(0.1, 4.0, 0.1), phase=(-np.pi, np.pi, 0.1), \n", | |
| " fn = {'sin': np.sin, 'cos': np.cos, 'tan': np.tan})\n", | |
| "def h(amp=1.0, omega=1.0, phase=0.0, fn=np.sin):\n", | |
| " domain=[-np.pi, np.pi]\n", | |
| " x = np.linspace(domain[0], domain[1], 100)\n", | |
| " y = amp * fn(omega * x + phase)\n", | |
| " plt.plot(x, y)\n", | |
| " plt.plot(-phase/omega, 0, 'or')\n", | |
| " plt.xlim(domain)\n", | |
| " plt.ylim([-4, 4])" | |
| ] | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "metadata": { | |
| "kernelspec": { | |
| "display_name": "Python 2", | |
| "language": "python", | |
| "name": "python2" | |
| }, | |
| "language_info": { | |
| "codemirror_mode": { | |
| "name": "ipython", | |
| "version": 2 | |
| }, | |
| "file_extension": ".py", | |
| "mimetype": "text/x-python", | |
| "name": "python", | |
| "nbconvert_exporter": "python", | |
| "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", | |
| "version": "2.7.9" | |
| } | |
| }, | |
| "nbformat": 4, | |
| "nbformat_minor": 0 | |
| } |
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