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הלכות בית הבחירה
Raw
temple.ttl
@prefix mtb: <https://purl.org/mt/beit-habechira#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
#################################################################
# Ontology header
#################################################################
mtb: a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Mishneh Torah – Hilkhot Beit Ha-Bechira ch. 1 (core OWL)"@en ;
dcterms:source "User-supplied text of Mishneh Torah, Sefer Avodah, Hilkhot Beit HaBechira, ch.1 (mechon-mamre.org)"@en ;
dcterms:language "he" ;
dcterms:created "2025-08-22"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:creator "Automated extraction based on provided text"@en .
#################################################################
# Annotation properties
#################################################################
mtb:halacha a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
rdfs:label "halacha (clause id within ch.1)"@en ; rdfs:label "הלכה (מספור בפרק)"@he .
#################################################################
# Core object & data properties
#################################################################
mtb:hasPart a owl:ObjectProperty , owl:TransitiveProperty ;
rdfs:label "has part"@en ; rdfs:label "יש חלק"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Structure .
mtb:contains a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "contains"@en ; rdfs:label "מכיל"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Place ; rdfs:range mtb:Structure .
mtb:locatedIn a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "located in"@en ; rdfs:label "ממוקם ב־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Entity ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:boundedBy a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "bounded by"@en ; rdfs:label "מוקף ב־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Partition .
mtb:hasImplement a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has implement (Klei Mikdash)"@en ;
rdfs:label "יש כלי/מתקן"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Temple ; rdfs:range mtb:SacredImplement .
mtb:hasVessel a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:subPropertyOf mtb:hasImplement ;
rdfs:label "has sacred vessel"@en ; rdfs:label "יש כלי שרת"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Temple ; rdfs:range mtb:SacredVessel .
mtb:hasFixture a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:subPropertyOf mtb:hasImplement ;
rdfs:label "has sacred fixture"@en ; rdfs:label "יש מתקן מקודש"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Temple ; rdfs:range mtb:SacredFixture .
mtb:hasMaterial a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has material"@en ; rdfs:label "עשוי מ־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:range mtb:Material .
mtb:floorMaterial a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "floor material"@en ; rdfs:label "ריצוף עשוי מ־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Courtyard ; rdfs:range mtb:Stone .
mtb:hasProtrusionMaterial a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "protruding element material"@en ; rdfs:label "חומר בולט"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Material .
mtb:builtFrom a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "built from"@en ; rdfs:label "בנוי מ־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:MaterialOrComponent .
mtb:before a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "before (spatial)"@en ; rdfs:label "לפני"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Structure .
mtb:adjacentTo a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "adjacent to"@en ; rdfs:label "סמוך ל־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Structure .
mtb:alignedToSide a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "aligned to side"@en ; rdfs:label "מצד"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Orientation .
mtb:locatedBetweenRegion a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "located in between-region"@en ; rdfs:label "באזור שבין"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:SpatialRegion .
mtb:hasAccessType a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has access type"@en ; rdfs:label "גישה באמצעות"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Altar ; rdfs:range mtb:AccessType .
mtb:allowedAreaFor a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "area reserved for"@en ; rdfs:label "תחום מיועד ל־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Courtyard ; rdfs:range mtb:TempleRole .
mtb:isObligatedFor a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "is obligated for"@en ; rdfs:label "מחויב ב־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Person ; rdfs:range mtb:Obligation .
# Data properties
mtb:hasDurationYears a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "duration (years)"@en ; rdfs:label "משך (שנים)"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:SanctuaryPhase ; rdfs:range xsd:integer .
mtb:connectedToGround a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "connected to ground"@en ; rdfs:label "מחובר לקרקע"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Altar ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:touchedByIron a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "stone touched by iron"@en ; rdfs:label "נגע ברזל"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Stone ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:hasDefect a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "has stone defect"@en ; rdfs:label "פגימת אבן"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Stone ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:fixedInGround a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "fixed in ground (floor stone)"@en ; rdfs:label "קבועה בקרקע"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Stone ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
#################################################################
# Classes
#################################################################
# Top-level
mtb:Entity a owl:Class .
mtb:Place a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:Structure a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:Artifact a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:MaterialOrComponent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:Material a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:MaterialOrComponent .
mtb:Person a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:Obligation a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:TempleRole a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:SpatialRegion a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Place .
mtb:Orientation a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:AccessType a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
# Places & phases
mtb:City a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Place .
mtb:Mountain a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Place .
mtb:SanctuaryPhase a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "historical sanctuary phase"@en ; rdfs:label "שלב היסטורי של מקדש/משכן"@he .
# Temple complexes & parts
mtb:Temple a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Temple (Mikdash)"@en ; rdfs:label "מקדש"@he ; mtb:halacha "1,5-6,8" .
mtb:PermanentTemple a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Temple ;
rdfs:label "Beit Olamim (permanent Temple)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית עולמים"@he ; mtb:halacha "3" .
mtb:SanctuaryBuilding a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Heichal (Sanctuary building)"@en ; rdfs:label "היכל"@he ; mtb:halacha "5,9-11" .
mtb:HolyPlace a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ;
rdfs:label "Kodesh"@en ; rdfs:label "קודש"@he ; mtb:halacha "5-7" .
mtb:HolyOfHolies a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ;
rdfs:label "Kodesh ha-Kodashim"@en ; rdfs:label "קודש הקודשים"@he ; mtb:halacha "5,7" .
mtb:Ulam a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ;
rdfs:label "Ulam (Porch)"@en ; rdfs:label "אולם"@he ; mtb:halacha "5-7" .
mtb:Courtyard a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Azarah (Courtyard)"@en ; rdfs:label "עזרה"@he ; mtb:halacha "5,8-11" .
mtb:Partition a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Machitzah (enclosure)"@en ; rdfs:label "מחיצה"@he ; mtb:halacha "5,8-9" .
mtb:Chamber a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Lishkah (chamber)"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכה"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
# Implements & vessels
mtb:SacredImplement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "Klei ha-Mikdash (implement)"@en ; rdfs:label "כלי/מתקן מקודש"@he ; mtb:halacha "6-7,20-21" .
mtb:SacredVessel a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredImplement ;
rdfs:label "Klei Sharet (sacred vessel)"@en ; rdfs:label "כלי שרת"@he ; mtb:halacha "20-21" .
mtb:SacredFixture a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredImplement ;
rdfs:label "sacred fixture"@en ; rdfs:label "מתקן קבוע"@he .
mtb:Altar a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredFixture ;
rdfs:label "Mizbeach (altar)"@en ; rdfs:label "מזבח"@he ; mtb:halacha "6,13-19" .
mtb:BurntOfferingAltar a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Altar ;
rdfs:label "Mizbeach ha-Olah"@en ; rdfs:label "מזבח העולה"@he ; mtb:halacha "6,13-19" .
mtb:IncenseAltar a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Altar ;
rdfs:label "Mizbeach ha-Ketoret"@en ; rdfs:label "מזבח הקטורת"@he ; mtb:halacha "7,20" .
mtb:Ramp a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredFixture ;
rdfs:label "Kevesh (ramp)"@en ; rdfs:label "כבש"@he ; mtb:halacha "6,18" .
mtb:Laver a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredVessel ;
rdfs:label "Kiyor (laver)"@en ; rdfs:label "כיור"@he ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LaverStand a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredFixture ;
rdfs:label "Kono (laver stand)"@en ; rdfs:label "כְּנו של כיור"@he ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:Menorah a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredVessel ;
rdfs:label "Menorah"@en ; rdfs:label "מנורה"@he ; mtb:halacha "7,20" .
mtb:TableOfShowbread a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredVessel ;
rdfs:label "Shulchan (Table of the Presence)"@en ; rdfs:label "שולחן"@he ; mtb:halacha "7,20" .
# People & roles
mtb:Kohen a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "Priest (Kohen)"@en ; rdfs:label "כהן"@he .
mtb:Israelite a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "Israelite"@en ; rdfs:label "ישראל"@he .
mtb:Adult a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "Adult"@en ; rdfs:label "מבוגר/ת"@he .
mtb:Child a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "Child"@en ; rdfs:label "תינוק"@he .
mtb:Student a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Child ;
rdfs:label "Tinokot shel beit raban (schoolchildren)"@en ; rdfs:label "תינוקות של בית רבן"@he .
# Roles and obligations
mtb:Worshipper a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:TempleRole ;
rdfs:label "Israel area"@en ; rdfs:label "תחום ישראל"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:PriestArea a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:TempleRole ;
rdfs:label "Priest area"@en ; rdfs:label "תחום כהנים"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:BuildTempleObligation a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Obligation ;
rdfs:label "obligation: build & support Temple"@en ; rdfs:label "מצווה: בניין ותמיכה"@he ; mtb:halacha "12" .
#################################################################
# Materials
#################################################################
mtb:Stone a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Material ;
rdfs:label "stone"@en ; rdfs:label "אבן"@he .
mtb:PreciousStone a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Stone ;
rdfs:label "precious stone"@en ; rdfs:label "אבנים יקרות"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
mtb:Brick a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Material ;
rdfs:label "brick"@en ; rdfs:label "לבינה"@he ; mtb:halacha "9-10" .
mtb:Wood a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Material ;
rdfs:label "wood"@en ; rdfs:label "עץ"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
mtb:Metal a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Material ;
rdfs:label "metal"@en ; rdfs:label "מתכת"@he ; mtb:halacha "20" .
mtb:Gold a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Metal ;
rdfs:label "gold"@en ; rdfs:label "זהב"@he ; mtb:halacha "11,20" .
mtb:Tin a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Metal ;
rdfs:label "tin"@en ; rdfs:label "בדיל"@he ; mtb:halacha "20" .
mtb:Glass a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Material ;
rdfs:label "glass"@en ; rdfs:label "זכוכית"@he ; mtb:halacha "20" .
mtb:Bone a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Material ;
rdfs:label "bone"@en ; rdfs:label "עצם"@he ; mtb:halacha "20" .
#################################################################
# Orientations, access, and special regions
#################################################################
mtb:SouthSide a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Orientation ;
rdfs:label "south (left when entering)"@en ; rdfs:label "דרום (שמאל הנכנס)"@he .
mtb:NorthSide a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Orientation ;
rdfs:label "north (right when entering)"@en ; rdfs:label "צפון (ימין הנכנס)"@he .
mtb:BetweenUlamAndAltar a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "between Ulam and Altar"@en ; rdfs:label "בין האולם ולמזבח"@he ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:RampAccess a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:AccessType ;
rdfs:label "ramp access"@en ; rdfs:label "כבש"@he ; mtb:halacha "18" .
mtb:StepAccess a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:AccessType ;
rdfs:label "steps"@en ; rdfs:label "מעלות"@he ; mtb:halacha "18" .
#################################################################
# Key class axioms (from the chapter)
#################################################################
# Composition of the Temple complex (הלכה ה-ז, ח)
mtb:Temple rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasPart ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyPlace ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasPart ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyOfHolies ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasPart ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Ulam ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasPart ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Courtyard ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasImplement ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "7"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:SacredImplement ] ;
mtb:halacha "5-7" .
# The courtyard is the area enclosed by a partition (הלכה ה-ח)
mtb:Courtyard rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:boundedBy ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Partition ] ;
mtb:halacha "5,8" .
# Spatial placements in the Kodesh (הלכה ז)
mtb:Menorah rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyPlace ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:alignedToSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:SouthSide ] ;
mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:TableOfShowbread rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyPlace ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:alignedToSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:NorthSide ] ;
mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:IncenseAltar rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyPlace ] ;
mtb:halacha "7,20" .
# External layout: ramp & laver placements (הלכה ו)
mtb:Ramp rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:before ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Ulam ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:alignedToSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:SouthSide ] ;
mtb:halacha "6,18" .
mtb:Laver rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedBetweenRegion ; owl:hasValue mtb:BetweenUlamAndAltar ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:alignedToSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:SouthSide ] ;
mtb:halacha "6" .
# Building materials and finishes (הלכה ט-יא)
mtb:SanctuaryBuilding rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:builtFrom ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Stone ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:builtFrom ; owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( mtb:Stone mtb:Brick ) ] ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasProtrusionMaterial ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "0"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:Wood ] ;
mtb:halacha "9-10" .
mtb:Courtyard rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:floorMaterial ; owl:allValuesFrom mtb:PreciousStone ] ;
mtb:halacha "10" .
# Vessels must be metal (הלכה כ)
mtb:SacredVessel rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasMaterial ; owl:allValuesFrom mtb:Metal ] ;
mtb:halacha "20" .
# Burnt-offering altar construction constraints (הלכה יג–יח)
mtb:KosherAltarStone a owl:Class ;
owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
owl:intersectionOf ( mtb:Stone
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:touchedByIron ; owl:hasValue "false"^^xsd:boolean ]
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasDefect ; owl:hasValue "false"^^xsd:boolean ] ) ] ;
rdfs:label "altar-worthy stone"@en ; rdfs:label "אבן כשרה למזבח"@he ; mtb:halacha "14,16" .
mtb:BurntOfferingAltar rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:builtFrom ; owl:allValuesFrom mtb:KosherAltarStone ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:connectedToGround ; owl:hasValue "true"^^xsd:boolean ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasAccessType ; owl:hasValue mtb:RampAccess ] ;
mtb:halacha "13,16,18" .
# No steps for altar (explicit prohibition modeled as disjointness)
[ a owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( mtb:RampAccess mtb:StepAccess ) ] .
mtb:BurntOfferingAltar rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasAccessType ; owl:allValuesFrom mtb:RampAccess ] ;
mtb:halacha "18" .
# Floor stones: loose stones invalid for priestly service surface (הלכה י)
mtb:LooseFloorStone a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Stone ;
owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:fixedInGround ; owl:hasValue "false"^^xsd:boolean ] ;
rdfs:label "loose floor stone"@en ; rdfs:label "אבן עגולה/נתלשה"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
#################################################################
# Uniqueness of place after Jerusalem Temple (הלכה ג–ד)
#################################################################
mtb:Jerusalem a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:City ;
rdfs:label "Jerusalem"@en ; rdfs:label "ירושלים"@he .
mtb:MountMoriah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Mountain ;
rdfs:label "Mount Moriah"@en ; rdfs:label "הר המוריה"@he ;
mtb:locatedIn mtb:Jerusalem .
mtb:BeitOlamim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:PermanentTemple ;
rdfs:label "Beit ha-Bechira (Beit Olamim)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית הבחירה / בית עולמים"@he ;
mtb:locatedIn mtb:MountMoriah ; mtb:halacha "3-4" .
# Exclusivity expressed as a class axiom on PermanentTemple
mtb:PermanentTemple rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:hasValue mtb:MountMoriah ] ;
mtb:halacha "3" .
#################################################################
# Historical phases & durations (הלכה ב)
#################################################################
mtb:GilgalPhase a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctuaryPhase ;
rdfs:label "Gilgal (Tabernacle pitched)"@en ; rdfs:label "גלגל"@he ;
mtb:hasDurationYears 14 ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:ShilohSanctuary a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctuaryPhase ;
rdfs:label "Shiloh sanctuary"@en ; rdfs:label "שילה"@he ;
mtb:hasDurationYears 369 ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:NobAndGibeon a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctuaryPhase ;
rdfs:label "Nob & Gibeon sanctuaries"@en ; rdfs:label "נוב וגבעון"@he ;
mtb:hasDurationYears 57 ; mtb:halacha "2" .
#################################################################
# Areas within the Courtyard (הלכה ח)
#################################################################
mtb:Courtyard rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:allowedAreaFor ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Worshipper ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:allowedAreaFor ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:PriestArea ] ;
mtb:halacha "8" .
#################################################################
# Obligations & work window (הלכה יב, יא)
#################################################################
mtb:BuildTemple a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Obligation ;
rdfs:label "build and buttress the Temple"@en ; rdfs:label "לבנות ולסעד את המקדש"@he ; mtb:halacha "11-12" .
mtb:Adult rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:isObligatedFor ; owl:hasValue mtb:BuildTemple ] ;
mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Student rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:isObligatedFor ; owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Class ; owl:complementOf mtb:BuildTemple ] ] ;
mtb:halacha "12" .
# (Informative annotations about daytime-only building; not strictly enforceable in OWL DL)
mtb:Temple mtb:halacha "12" ;
skos:note "Building is performed by day (dawn to stars), not at night; Festival days do not override."@en ;
skos:note "בניין ביום (מעלות השחר עד צאת הכוכבים); אינו דוחה יום טוב."@he .
#################################################################
# Further annotations for enrichment
#################################################################
mtb:SanctuaryBuilding skos:note "Stones are quarried and dressed off-site; no iron tools heard on the Mount during construction."@en ;
mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:BurntOfferingAltar skos:note "If a stone became defective or iron-touched after installation, only that stone is invalid; altar is whitewashed twice yearly."@en ;
mtb:halacha "17" .
mtb:SanctuaryBuilding skos:note "Preferred (mitzvah min ha-muvchar) to enhance and elevate the building per community means; gold plating praised."@en ;
mtb:halacha "11" .
@prefix mtb: <https://purl.org/mt/beit-habechira#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
#################################################################
# Ontology header (Chapter 2 module)
#################################################################
mtb:ch2 a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Mishneh Torah – Hilkhot Beit Ha-Bechira ch. 2 (OWL extension)"@en ;
dcterms:source "User-supplied text, Mishneh Torah Sefer Avodah, Beit HaBechira ch.2 (mechon-mamre.org)"@en ;
dcterms:created "2025-08-22"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:language "he" ;
dcterms:creator "Automated extraction based on provided text"@en .
#################################################################
# New / extended annotation & utility properties
#################################################################
mtb:halacha a owl:AnnotationProperty .
# Dimension data properties (units noted in labels or via skos:note)
mtb:lengthAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Entity ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "length (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "אורך (אמות)"@he .
mtb:widthAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Entity ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "width (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "רוחב (אמות)"@he .
mtb:heightAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Entity ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "height (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "גובה (אמות)"@he .
mtb:lengthTefach a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Entity ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "length (tefachim)"@en ; rdfs:label "אורך (טפחים)"@he .
mtb:widthTefach a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Entity ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "width (tefachim)"@en ; rdfs:label "רוחב (טפחים)"@he .
mtb:heightTefach a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Entity ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "height (tefachim)"@en ; rdfs:label "גובה (טפחים)"@he .
mtb:hasFeature a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has architectural feature"@en ; rdfs:label "כולל פריט/אלמנט"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Structure .
mtb:hasHorn a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has horn (keren)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש קרן"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Altar ; rdfs:range mtb:AltarHorn .
mtb:coversSide a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "covers side"@en ; rdfs:label "מקיף צד"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Orientation .
mtb:lacksAtCorner a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "lacks at corner"@en ; rdfs:label "חסר בפינה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Corner .
mtb:overhangOver a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "overhangs over"@en ; rdfs:label "פורח מעל"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Ramp ; rdfs:range mtb:Structure .
mtb:overhangAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "overhang (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "פורח (אמות)"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Ramp ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal .
mtb:groundRunAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "ground run (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "אורך על הארץ (אמות)"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Ramp ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal .
mtb:airGap a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "air gap (description/measure)"@en ; rdfs:label "הפסק אוויר"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Ramp ; rdfs:range xsd:string .
mtb:isFixedSite a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "site fixed (immutable)"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום קבוע"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Place ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:mixesAmahTypes a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "mixes 5/6-tefach amot in height calc"@en ; rdfs:label "ערוב אמה בת ה׳/ו׳"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:BurntOfferingAltar ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:hasDamageTefach a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "structural damage (tefachim)"@en ; rdfs:label "פגימה בבניין (טפחים)"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Altar ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal .
#################################################################
# New orientations & corners
#################################################################
mtb:EastSide a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Orientation ; rdfs:label "east"@en ; rdfs:label "מזרח"@he .
mtb:WestSide a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Orientation ; rdfs:label "west"@en ; rdfs:label "מערב"@he .
mtb:Corner a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:SECorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Corner ;
rdfs:label "southeast corner"@en ; rdfs:label "קרן דרומית מזרחית"@he .
#################################################################
# Altar site & provenance (הלכה א–ד)
#################################################################
mtb:AltarSite a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "Mizbeach site (Goren Aravna / Mount Moriah)"@en ;
rdfs:label "מקום המזבח (גורן ארוונה / הר המוריה)"@he ;
mtb:isFixedSite true ;
skos:note "Tradition identifies the site with Akeidat Yitzchak, Adam/Hevel/Kayin/Noach offerings."@en ;
mtb:halacha "1" .
# The permanent Temple's altar is located at this fixed site
mtb:BurntOfferingAltar rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:hasValue mtb:AltarSite ] ;
mtb:halacha "1-2" .
# Return-from-exile prophetic attestations (modeled as provenance annotations)
mtb:PropheticAttestation a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:AttestationOfPlace a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:PropheticAttestation ;
rdfs:label "attestation: place of altar"@en ; rdfs:label "עדות: מקום המזבח"@he ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:AttestationOfMeasures a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:PropheticAttestation ;
rdfs:label "attestation: measures of altar"@en ; rdfs:label "עדות: מידות המזבח"@he ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:AttestationOfServiceWithoutHouse a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:PropheticAttestation ;
rdfs:label "attestation: sacrifices valid without the building"@en ;
rdfs:label "עדות: מקריבין אף בלי בית"@he ; mtb:halacha "2" .
#################################################################
# Altar architectural features (הלכה ה–יב)
#################################################################
# Feature classes
mtb:AltarHorn a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Keren (altar horn)"@en ; rdfs:label "קרן המזבח"@he .
mtb:Yesod a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Yesod (foundation ledge)"@en ; rdfs:label "יסוד"@he .
mtb:Sovev a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Sovev (encircling ledge)"@en ; rdfs:label "סובב"@he .
mtb:MarachahArea a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Makom ha-Ma'arachah (pyre area)"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום המערכה"@he .
mtb:RedLine a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Chut shel Sikra (red band)"@en ; rdfs:label "חוט של סיקרא"@he .
mtb:Shittin a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Shittin (drain apertures/shafts)"@en ; rdfs:label "שיתין"@he .
mtb:WaterChannel a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Amah (Temple drain channel)"@en ; rdfs:label "אמה"@he .
mtb:ServiceWindow a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Rivuvah window"@en ; rdfs:label "חלון רבובה"@he .
mtb:ServiceTable a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "service table"@en ; rdfs:label "שולחן שירות"@he .
mtb:TableForLimbs a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:ServiceTable ;
rdfs:label "table for limbs (marble)"@en ; rdfs:label "שולחן לאיברים (שיש)"@he .
mtb:TableForVessels a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:ServiceTable ;
rdfs:label "table for sacred vessels (silver)"@en ; rdfs:label "שולחן לכלי השרת (כסף)"@he .
# Materials added
mtb:Marble a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Stone ;
rdfs:label "marble"@en ; rdfs:label "שיש"@he .
mtb:Silver a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Metal ;
rdfs:label "silver"@en ; rdfs:label "כסף"@he .
# Feature requirements (me’akev set)
mtb:SquareShape a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "square plan"@en ; rdfs:label "ריבוע"@he .
mtb:ValidAltar a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:BurntOfferingAltar ;
rdfs:label "valid burnt-offering altar (me’akev parts present)"@en ;
rdfs:label "מזבח עולה כשר (מעכבות קיימות)"@he ;
rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasHorn ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "4"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:AltarHorn ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Yesod ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Sovev ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:MarachahArea ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasAccessType ; owl:hasValue mtb:RampAccess ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:SquareShape ] ;
mtb:halacha "13" .
# Global height & plan measures (הלכה ג–ז)
mtb:BurntOfferingAltar rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:heightAmot ; owl:hasValue "10"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:lengthAmot ; owl:hasValue "32"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:widthAmot ; owl:hasValue "32"^^xsd:decimal ] ;
skos:note "All such altars (Moshe, Shlomo, returnees, future) are 10 amot high; length/width 32x32 amot for the Second Temple & future."@en ;
mtb:mixesAmahTypes true ;
mtb:halacha "3-4,6-7" .
# Layer-by-layer (הלכה ה–ז)
mtb:Yesod rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:heightTefach ; owl:hasValue "5"^^xsd:integer ] ;
skos:note "Plan at this level: 30 amot and 2 tefach per side (from 32 amot minus 5 tefach setbacks each side)."@en ;
mtb:halacha "5-7,10" .
mtb:Sovev rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:heightTefach ; owl:hasValue "30"^^xsd:integer ] ;
skos:note "Plan at this level: 28 amot and 4 tefach per side (setback a further 5 tefach each side)."@en ;
mtb:halacha "5-7" .
mtb:AltarHorn rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:heightTefach ; owl:hasValue "5"^^xsd:integer ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:lengthAmot ; owl:hasValue "1"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:widthAmot ; owl:hasValue "1"^^xsd:decimal ] ;
skos:note "Four hollow horns, each 1x1 ama square and 5 tefach high."@en ;
mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:MarachahArea rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:heightTefach ; owl:hasValue "18"^^xsd:integer ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:lengthAmot ; owl:hasValue "24.6666667"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:widthAmot ; owl:hasValue "24.6666667"^^xsd:decimal ] ;
skos:note "Makom ha-ma'arachah = 24 amot + 4 tefach per side (i.e., 24.666.. amot)."@en ;
mtb:halacha "5-6" .
# Midline & blood zones (הלכה ז)
mtb:RedLine rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:BurntOfferingAltar ] ;
skos:note "Red band girdled mid-height to divide upper & lower blood placements."@en ;
mtb:halacha "7" .
# Yesod coverage & shittin location (הלכה ח)
mtb:Yesod rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:coversSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:WestSide ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:coversSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:SouthSide ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:coversSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:NorthSide ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:coversSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:EastSide ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:lacksAtCorner ; owl:hasValue mtb:SECorner ] ;
skos:note "Yesod did not fully encircle: it ‘ate’ 1 ama on south & east; southeast corner had no yesod."@en ;
mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:Shittin rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:BurntOfferingAltar ] ;
skos:note "Two small nostril-like apertures at the southwestern corner carried blood down to the channel (Amah) and out to Nahal Kidron."@en ;
mtb:halacha "8-12" .
mtb:AmahDrain a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:WaterChannel ;
rdfs:label "Temple drain channel (Amah)"@en ; rdfs:label "אמה"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:KidronValley a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "Nahal Kidron (Kidron Valley)"@en ; rdfs:label "נחל קדרון"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
# Service shaft for cleaning the shittin (הלכה ח)
mtb:ShittinAccess a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Shittin access pit"@en ; rdfs:label "פתח ניקוי השיתין"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ;
skos:note "Marble slab with ring at floor by SW corner to descend and clean the shittin."@en ;
mtb:halacha "8" .
#################################################################
# Ramp & auxiliaries (הלכה ט–טו)
#################################################################
# Main ramp geometry & relations
mtb:Ramp rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:lengthAmot ; owl:hasValue "32"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:widthAmot ; owl:hasValue "16"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:groundRunAmot ; owl:hasValue "30"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:heightAmot ; owl:hasValue "9"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:overhangOver ; owl:hasValue mtb:Yesod ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:overhangOver ; owl:hasValue mtb:Sovev ] ;
skos:note "Height is ‘9 amot less one-sixth’ (= 9 amot − 1 tefach) up to the ma'arachah; overhangs 1 ama over yesod & 1 ama over sovev; small air-gap from altar for casting limbs."@en ;
mtb:airGap "minimal air gap (k’dei liten eivarim b’zrikah)"@en ;
mtb:halacha "9" .
# Auxiliary small ramps (to yesod & sovev)
mtb:SmallRamp a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Ramp ;
rdfs:label "secondary ramp"@en ; rdfs:label "כבש קטן"@he ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:SmallRampToYesod a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SmallRamp ;
rdfs:label "small ramp to Yesod"@en ; rdfs:label "כבש קטן ליסוד"@he ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:SmallRampToSovev a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SmallRamp ;
rdfs:label "small ramp to Sovev"@en ; rdfs:label "כבש קטן לסובב"@he ; mtb:halacha "9" .
# Service window on west side of ramp (רבובה)
mtb:Rivuvah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:ServiceWindow ;
rdfs:label "Rivuvah window"@en ; rdfs:label "רבובה"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ;
skos:note "In west face of ramp; deposit invalidated bird sin-offerings until form passes, then taken to Beit ha-Serefah."@en ;
mtb:halacha "10" .
# Service tables
mtb:LimbsTable a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:TableForLimbs ;
mtb:hasMaterial mtb:Marble ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:Ramp ;
rdfs:label "marble table for limbs"@en ; rdfs:label "שולחן שיש לאיברים"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
mtb:VesselsTable a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:TableForVessels ;
mtb:hasMaterial mtb:Silver ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:Ramp ;
rdfs:label "silver table for sacred vessels"@en ; rdfs:label "שולחן כסף לכלי השרת"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
#################################################################
# Construction method (הלכה יא–יב)
#################################################################
mtb:MortarCompound a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Material ;
rdfs:label "mortar compound"@en ; rdfs:label "תערובת סיד/זפת/קוניה"@he ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:ConstructionFrame a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "formwork/frame"@en ; rdfs:label "מלבן/תבנית"@he ; mtb:halacha "11-12" .
mtb:SolidCoreConstruction a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "solid-core (no cavities) construction"@en ; rdfs:label "בנייה אטומה"@he ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:BurntOfferingAltar rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:SolidCoreConstruction ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:builtFrom ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Stone ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:builtFrom ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:MortarCompound ] ;
skos:note "Built as a solid mass with whole stones (large & small), poured binders (lime, pitch, ‘konia’) within large formwork matching its size."@en ;
mtb:halacha "11" .
# Temporary internal bodies to create hollows & the SE corner without yesod (הלכה יב)
mtb:TemporaryCore a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "temporary internal body/form"@en ; rdfs:label "גוף זמני"@he ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:AltarHorn rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:TemporaryCore ] ;
skos:note "Temporary cores inserted to form hollow horns; likewise to omit yesod at SE corner; removed after set."@en ;
mtb:halacha "12" .
#################################################################
# Validity thresholds & minima (הלכה יג–יד)
#################################################################
# Minimum altar if measures deviate (not me’akev) — 1x1x3 amot for ma'arachah
mtb:MinimalDesertStandard a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "minimum standard (1×1×3 amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "מינימום: אמה×אמה×3 אמות"@he ; mtb:halacha "13" .
mtb:AcceptableDimensionsAltar a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:BurntOfferingAltar ;
rdfs:label "altar meeting minimum dimensions"@en ; rdfs:label "מזבח במידות המינימום"@he ;
rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:lengthAmot ; owl:minInclusive "1"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:widthAmot ; owl:minInclusive "1"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:heightAmot ; owl:minInclusive "3"^^xsd:decimal ] ;
skos:note "Length/width/height are not me’akev provided ≥ 1×1×3 amot (like the desert altar’s ma'arachah)."@en ;
mtb:halacha "13" .
# Damage threshold (פגימה)
mtb:InvalidByDamage a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Altar ;
rdfs:label "altar invalidated by damage ≥ 1 tefach"@en ; rdfs:label "פסול בפגימה טפח"@he ;
rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasDamageTefach ; owl:minInclusive "1"^^xsd:decimal ] ;
mtb:halacha "14" .
mtb:ValidDespiteMinorDamage a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Altar ;
rdfs:label "altar valid with < 1 tefach damage"@en ; rdfs:label "כשר בפחות מטפח"@he ;
rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasDamageTefach ; owl:maxExclusive "1"^^xsd:decimal ] ;
skos:note "Still valid provided no remaining stone is itself a defective stone (cf. KosherAltarStone in ch.1)."@en ;
mtb:halacha "14" .
#################################################################
# Placement of related features for clarity
#################################################################
# Horns & marachah belong to the altar; tables/window belong near/in ramp
mtb:BurntOfferingAltar rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Yesod ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Sovev ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:MarachahArea ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:RedLine ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Shittin ] ;
mtb:halacha "5-12" .
mtb:Ramp rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:ServiceWindow ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:ServiceTable ] ;
mtb:halacha "10" .
@prefix mtb: <https://purl.org/mt/beit-habechira#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
#################################################################
# Ontology header (Chapter 3 module)
#################################################################
mtb:ch3 a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Mishneh Torah – Hilkhot Beit Ha-Bechira ch. 3 (OWL extension)"@en ;
dcterms:source "User-supplied text: Mishneh Torah, Sefer Avodah, Beit HaBechira ch.3 (mechon-mamre.org)"@en ;
dcterms:created "2025-08-22"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:language "he" ;
dcterms:creator "Automated extraction based on provided text"@en .
#################################################################
# New object & data properties (additive to ch.1–2)
#################################################################
mtb:hasBranch a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has branch (kaneh)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש קנה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range mtb:MenorahBranch .
mtb:hasLamp a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has lamp (ner)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש נר"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range mtb:Lamp .
mtb:hasCup a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has cup (gavia')"@en ; rdfs:label "יש גביע"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range mtb:MenorahCup .
mtb:hasKnob a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has knob (kaphtor)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש כפתור"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range mtb:MenorahKnob .
mtb:hasFlower a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has flower (perach)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש פרח"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range mtb:MenorahFlower .
mtb:hasLeg a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has leg"@en ; rdfs:label "יש רגל"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range mtb:MenorahLeg .
mtb:faces a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "faces / oriented toward"@en ; rdfs:label "פונה אל"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Entity ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:fixedOn a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "fixed on"@en ; rdfs:label "קבוע על"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Lamp ; rdfs:range mtb:MenorahBranch .
mtb:hasAccessory a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has accessory/tool"@en ; rdfs:label "יש כלי עזר"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range mtb:MenorahAccessory .
mtb:hasStack a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has stack of showbread"@en ; rdfs:label "יש מערכה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:TableOfShowbread ; rdfs:range mtb:ShowbreadStack .
mtb:supportsStack a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "supports a stack"@en ; rdfs:label "סומך מערכה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Snifin ; rdfs:range mtb:ShowbreadStack .
mtb:hasRod a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has spacer-rod (menakkiyah)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש קנה/מנקייה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:ShowbreadStack ; rdfs:range mtb:SpacerRod .
mtb:hasSpoon a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has frankincense spoon (bazach)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש בזך לבונה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:TableOfShowbread ; rdfs:range mtb:FrankincenseSpoon .
mtb:hasMold a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has baking mold"@en ; rdfs:label "יש דפוס/קערה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:TableOfShowbread ; rdfs:range mtb:LoafMold .
mtb:longAxisAlignedWith a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "long axis aligned with"@en ; rdfs:label "ציר האורך מיושר ל־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:range mtb:Axis .
mtb:onPlatform a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "on platform"@en ; rdfs:label "על מדרגה/בימה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:range mtb:Structure .
mtb:hasSpigot a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has spigot (dad)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש דד"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Laver ; rdfs:range mtb:Spigot .
# Data properties (lightweight, additive)
mtb:heightTefach a owl:DatatypeProperty .
mtb:lengthTefach a owl:DatatypeProperty .
mtb:widthTefach a owl:DatatypeProperty .
mtb:lengthAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty .
mtb:widthAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty .
mtb:weightKikkar a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "weight (kikkar / talent)"@en ; rdfs:label "משקל (כיכר)"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal .
mtb:isHammered a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "hammered from one piece (miksha)"@en ; rdfs:label "מקשה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:isHollow a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "hollow construction allowed"@en ; rdfs:label "חלולה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:isFromScrap a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "made from scrap metal"@en ; rdfs:label "עשויה מגרוטאות"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Menorah ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:includedInTalent a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "included in the kikkar weight"@en ; rdfs:label "כלול בכיכר"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:stepsCount a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "number of steps"@en ; rdfs:label "מספר מדרגות"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range xsd:integer .
mtb:isSacred a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
rdfs:label "sacred (kodesh) status"@en ; rdfs:label "מעמד קודש"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
#################################################################
# Axes, places & small helpers
#################################################################
mtb:Axis a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "axis"@en ; rdfs:label "ציר"@he .
mtb:TempleLengthAxis a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Axis ;
rdfs:label "temple length axis (east↔west)"@en ; rdfs:label "ציר אורך הבית"@he .
mtb:TempleWidthAxis a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Axis ;
rdfs:label "temple width axis (north↔south)"@en ; rdfs:label "ציר רוחב הבית"@he .
#################################################################
# Menorah — structure & counts (הלכה א–ז, ט–יא)
#################################################################
# Part classes
mtb:MenorahBranch a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Menorah branch (kaneh)"@en ; rdfs:label "קנה מנורה"@he ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:Lamp a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "lamp (ner)"@en ; rdfs:label "נר"@he ; mtb:halacha "6-8" .
mtb:MenorahCup a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "cup (gavia')"@en ; rdfs:label "גביע"@he ; mtb:halacha "1-3,9-10" .
mtb:MenorahKnob a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "knob (kaphtor)"@en ; rdfs:label "כפתור"@he ; mtb:halacha "1-3,9-10" .
mtb:MenorahFlower a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "flower (perach)"@en ; rdfs:label "פרח"@he ; mtb:halacha "1-3,9-10" .
mtb:MenorahLeg a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "menorah leg"@en ; rdfs:label "רגל מנורה"@he ; mtb:halacha "1" .
# Accessory tools (not part of the talent)
mtb:MenorahAccessory a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "menorah accessory/tool"@en ; rdfs:label "כלי המנורה"@he .
mtb:Tongs a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:MenorahAccessory ;
rdfs:label "tongs (melkachayim)"@en ; rdfs:label "מלקחיים"@he ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:FirePan a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:MenorahAccessory ;
rdfs:label "fire pan (machtah)"@en ; rdfs:label "מחתה"@he ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:OilVessel a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:MenorahAccessory ;
rdfs:label "oil vessel"@en ; rdfs:label "כלי שמן"@he ; mtb:halacha "5,11" .
# Central/side lamps for orientation constraints
mtb:CentralLamp a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Lamp ;
rdfs:label "central lamp (ner emtza'i / ner ma'aravi)"@en ; rdfs:label "נר האמצעי / נר מערבי"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:SideLamp a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Lamp ;
rdfs:label "side lamp"@en ; rdfs:label "נר צדדי"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
# Global Menorah constraints
mtb:Menorah rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:heightTefach ; owl:hasValue "18"^^xsd:integer ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasBranch ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "7"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:MenorahBranch ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasLamp ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "7"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:Lamp ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasLamp ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:CentralLamp ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasLamp ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "6"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:SideLamp ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasLeg ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "3"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:MenorahLeg ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:alignedToSide ; owl:hasValue mtb:SouthSide ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyPlace ] ;
skos:note "Seven branches and seven lamps are mutually interdependent (me’akev) whether gold or other metals; lamps are fixed on branches."@en ;
mtb:halacha "1-2,6-8,10-11" .
# Gold Menorah (cups/knobs/flowers counts are me’akev)
mtb:GoldMenorah a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Menorah ;
rdfs:label "gold menorah"@en ; rdfs:label "מנורת זהב"@he ;
rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasMaterial ; owl:hasValue mtb:Gold ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasCup ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "22"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:MenorahCup ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasKnob ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "11"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:MenorahKnob ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFlower ;owl:qualifiedCardinality "9"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:MenorahFlower ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:isHammered ; owl:hasValue "true"^^xsd:boolean ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:weightKikkar ; owl:hasValue "1"^^xsd:decimal ] ;
skos:note "When made of gold: all 42 elements (22 cups, 11 knobs, 9 flowers) are me’akev; the menorah with its lamps must be a single hammered piece of one kikkar."@en ;
mtb:halacha "3-4,6" .
# Non-gold menorah allowances
mtb:NonGoldMenorah a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Menorah ;
rdfs:label "menorah of other metals"@en ; rdfs:label "מנורה משאר מתכות"@he ;
rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasMaterial ; owl:someValuesFrom [ a owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( mtb:Metal [ a owl:Class ; owl:complementOf mtb:Gold ] ) ] ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:isHollow ; owl:hasValue "true"^^xsd:boolean ] ;
skos:note "Other metals: cups/knobs/flowers are not made; no fixed weight requirement; if hollow, it is valid."@en ;
mtb:halacha "4" .
# Scrap prohibition & talent inclusion/exclusion
mtb:Menorah rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:isFromScrap ; owl:hasValue "false"^^xsd:boolean ] ;
skos:note "A menorah is never made from scrap, whether gold or other metals."@en ;
mtb:halacha "4-5" .
mtb:Lamp rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:includedInTalent ; owl:hasValue "true"^^xsd:boolean ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:fixedOn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:MenorahBranch ] ;
mtb:halacha "5-6" .
mtb:Tongs rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:includedInTalent ; owl:hasValue "false"^^xsd:boolean ] ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:FirePan rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:includedInTalent ; owl:hasValue "false"^^xsd:boolean ] ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:OilVessel rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:includedInTalent ; owl:hasValue "false"^^xsd:boolean ] ; mtb:halacha "5,11" .
# Orientation of lamps (הלכה ח)
mtb:CentralLamp rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:faces ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyOfHolies ] ;
skos:note "The central lamp faces the Holy of Holies and is called Ner Ma'aravi."@en ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:SideLamp rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:faces ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:CentralLamp ] ;
skos:note "The six side lamps face the central lamp."@en ; mtb:halacha "8" .
# Menorah servicing platform (הלכה יא)
mtb:MenorahSteps a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "stone with three steps for the Menorah"@en ; rdfs:label "אבן לפני המנורה בשלוש מעלות"@he ;
rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:stepsCount ; owl:hasValue "3"^^xsd:integer ] ;
mtb:halacha "11" .
#################################################################
# Showbread table & accessories (הלכה יא–טז)
#################################################################
mtb:ShowbreadStack a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "showbread stack (ma'aracha)"@en ; rdfs:label "מערכת לחם הפנים"@he ; mtb:halacha "12-13" .
mtb:Snifin a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "snifin / frames (kesotav)"@en ; rdfs:label "צניפין/קשותיו"@he ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:SpacerRod a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "spacer rod (menakkiyah)"@en ; rdfs:label "קנה/מנקייה"@he ; mtb:halacha "12-13" .
mtb:FrankincenseSpoon a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "frankincense spoon (bazach)"@en ; rdfs:label "בזך לבונה"@he ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:LoafMold a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "showbread mold (ke'arah / defus)"@en ; rdfs:label "דפוס/קערה ללחם הפנים"@he ; mtb:halacha "12" .
# Table orientation & measures (הלכה יא–יד)
mtb:TableOfShowbread rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:lengthTefach ; owl:hasValue "12"^^xsd:integer ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:widthTefach ; owl:hasValue "6"^^xsd:integer ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:longAxisAlignedWith ; owl:hasValue mtb:TempleLengthAxis ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasStack ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "2"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:ShowbreadStack ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasSpoon ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "2"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:FrankincenseSpoon ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasMold ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:LoafMold ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyPlace ] ;
skos:note "All vessels are oriented lengthwise with the Temple, except the Ark; Menorah’s lamps are across the width."@en ;
mtb:halacha "11-12,14-15" .
# Snifin & rods counts per the two stacks (הלכה יג)
mtb:Snifin rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:supportsStack ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:ShowbreadStack ] ;
skos:note "Four gold snifin (frames), two per stack, with split tops supporting the loaves."@en ; mtb:halacha "12-13" .
mtb:ShowbreadStack rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasRod ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "14"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:SpacerRod ] ;
skos:note "Each stack has 14 half-hollow rods: 3 between each pair of loaves, except only 2 between the 6th and 5th (no loaf above the 6th)."@en ;
mtb:halacha "13" .
# Two auxiliary tables in the Ulam (הלכה טז)
mtb:UlamMarbleTable a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:ServiceTable ;
rdfs:label "Ulam marble table (for incoming loaves)"@en ; rdfs:label "שולחן שיש באולם – לכניסת הלחם"@he ;
mtb:hasMaterial mtb:Marble .
mtb:UlamGoldTable a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:ServiceTable ;
rdfs:label "Ulam gold table (for outgoing loaves)"@en ; rdfs:label "שולחן זהב באולם – ליציאת הלחם"@he ;
mtb:hasMaterial mtb:Gold .
mtb:ServiceTable rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Ulam ] ;
skos:note "Ma'alin ba-kodesh ve-ein moridin: incoming bread on marble, outgoing on gold."@en ;
mtb:halacha "16" .
#################################################################
# Incense altar placement (הלכה יז)
#################################################################
mtb:IncenseAltar rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:lengthAmot ; owl:hasValue "1"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:widthAmot ; owl:hasValue "1"^^xsd:decimal ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:locatedIn ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:HolyPlace ] ;
skos:note "Square (1×1 ama); set between north and south, pulled outward from between the table and menorah; all three from the inner third of the Heichal facing the Parokhet."@en ;
mtb:halacha "17" .
#################################################################
# Laver (Kiyor): spigots & Mokhni (הלכה יח)
#################################################################
mtb:Spigot a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "laver spigot (dad)"@en ; rdfs:label "דד של כיור"@he ; mtb:halacha "18" .
mtb:Mokhni a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "Mokhni apparatus (reservoir/stand)"@en ; rdfs:label "מוכני"@he ; mtb:halacha "18" .
mtb:Laver rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasSpigot ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "12"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass mtb:Spigot ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasFeature ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:Mokhni ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:isSacred ; owl:hasValue "true"^^xsd:boolean ] ;
skos:note "Twelve spigots allow all priests of the Tamid to sanctify together. A (non‑sacred) Mokhni keeps water from becoming ‘linah’ since only the laver (a sacred vessel) sanctifies and renders water time‑sensitive."@en ;
mtb:halacha "18" .
# Menorah step-stone holds tools during service (הלכה יא)
mtb:MenorahSteps rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:hasImplement ; owl:someValuesFrom mtb:MenorahAccessory ] ;
skos:note "Priest stands on the three-step stone to tend the lamps and places the oil vessel, tongs, and pans upon it."@en ;
mtb:halacha "11" .
#################################################################
# Shape descriptions (informative, not enforced)
#################################################################
mtb:MenorahCup skos:note "Shaped like Alexandrian cups: wide mouth, short foot."@en ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:MenorahKnob skos:note "Like Beroitian apples: slightly elongated, egg-like with even ends."@en ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:MenorahFlower skos:note "Like column capitals: bowl form with a doubled outward lip."@en ; mtb:halacha "9" .
# Segment breakdown for the 18 tefach height (informative)
mtb:Menorah skos:note "Height breakdown: 3 tefach (legs+flower), 2 plain, then repeating units with cup/knob/flower and branch pairs, ending with 3 tefach at top containing 3 cups, knob, flower (see Rambam’s diagram)."@en ; mtb:halacha "10" .
@prefix mtb: <https://purl.org/mt/beit-habechira#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
#################################################################
# Ontology header (Chapter 4 module)
#################################################################
mtb:ch4 a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Mishneh Torah – Hilkhot Beit Ha-Bechira ch. 4 (OWL extension)"@en ;
dcterms:source "User-supplied text: Mishneh Torah, Sefer Avodah, Beit HaBechira ch.4 (mechon-mamre.org)"@en ;
dcterms:created "2025-08-22"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:language "he" ;
dcterms:creator "Automated extraction based on provided text"@en .
#################################################################
# Additional object & data properties
#################################################################
# geometry / measures
mtb:thicknessAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "thickness (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "עובי (אמות)"@he .
mtb:gapAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "gap (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "רווח (אמות)"@he .
mtb:spanAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "span (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "מפתח/טווח (אמות)"@he .
mtb:storeyCount a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "storey count"@en ; rdfs:label "מספר דיוטות"@he .
mtb:cellCount a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "cell count"@en ; rdfs:label "מספר תאים"@he .
mtb:doorCount a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "door count"@en ; rdfs:label "מספר דלתות"@he .
# composition / placement
mtb:hasSeparation a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has separation element"@en ; rdfs:label "כולל אלמנט הפרדה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ; rdfs:range mtb:Separation .
mtb:separatesPlace a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "separates place"@en ; rdfs:label "מפריד בין"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Separation ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:hasCurtain a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has curtain"@en ; rdfs:label "יש פרוכת"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ; rdfs:range mtb:Curtain .
mtb:hasWallLayer a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has wall layer"@en ; rdfs:label "שכבת כותל"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ; rdfs:range mtb:WallLayer .
mtb:hasVoidStrip a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has inter-wall void"@en ; rdfs:label "רצועת חלל"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ; rdfs:range mtb:VoidStrip .
mtb:hasGate a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has gate"@en ; rdfs:label "יש שער"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Gate .
mtb:hasSmallGate a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has pishpesh (small gate)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש פשפש"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Gate ; rdfs:range mtb:SmallGate .
mtb:hasDoor a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has door"@en ; rdfs:label "יש דלת"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Gate ; rdfs:range mtb:Door .
mtb:opensInto a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "door opens into"@en ; rdfs:label "נפתחת אל"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Door ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:hasSideChamber a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has side chamber (yatzia/ta)"@en ; rdfs:label "יש תא/יציע"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ; rdfs:range mtb:SideChamber .
mtb:hasWalkway a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has walkway/spiral"@en ; rdfs:label "יש מסיבה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ; rdfs:range mtb:Walkway .
mtb:hasOpening a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has opening"@en ; rdfs:label "יש פתח/לול"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Opening .
mtb:hasRoofFeature a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has roof feature"@en ; rdfs:label "אלמנט גג"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:RoofFeature .
mtb:concealedIn a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "concealed in"@en ; rdfs:label "נגנז ב־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:range mtb:ConcealmentChamber .
mtb:hiddenBy a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "hidden by (agent)"@en ; rdfs:label "נגנז על ידי"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:range mtb:Person .
# status flags
mtb:presentInSecondTemple a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "present in the Second Temple"@en ; rdfs:label "נמצא בבית שני"@he .
mtb:functional a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "functional (oracular/ritual)"@en ; rdfs:label "פעיל"@he .
mtb:completesVestmentsOnly a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "for vestment-completeness only"@en ; rdfs:label "להשלמת הבגדים בלבד"@he .
mtb:whitewashedAnnually a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "whitewashed annually"@en ; rdfs:label "מלבנין אחת לשנה"@he .
#################################################################
# Key classes for Ch.4
#################################################################
# Separation types
mtb:Separation a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure .
mtb:SeparationWall a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Separation ;
rdfs:label "separation wall"@en ; rdfs:label "כותל מבדיל"@he .
mtb:DoubleCurtain a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Separation ;
rdfs:label "double curtain"@en ; rdfs:label "שתי פרוכות"@he .
mtb:Curtain a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "curtain (parokhet)"@en ; rdfs:label "פרוכת"@he .
# Walls & voids
mtb:WallLayer a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "wall layer"@en ; rdfs:label "רובד/כותל"@he .
mtb:VoidStrip a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "inter-wall void strip"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום פנוי בין כותלים"@he .
# Gates/doors
mtb:Gate a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "gate"@en ; rdfs:label "שער"@he .
mtb:SmallGate a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "pishpesh (small gate)"@en ; rdfs:label "פשפש"@he .
mtb:Door a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "door"@en ; rdfs:label "דלת"@he .
# Side chambers, walkways, openings
mtb:SideChamber a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "side chamber (ta/yatzia)"@en ; rdfs:label "תא/יציע"@he .
mtb:Walkway a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "spiral/ramped walkway (mesivah)"@en ; rdfs:label "מסיבה"@he .
mtb:Opening a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "opening"@en ; rdfs:label "פתח/לול"@he .
# Roof features
mtb:RoofFeature a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure .
mtb:CeilingCove a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:RoofFeature ;
rdfs:label "ceiling cove (kiyor)"@en ; rdfs:label "כיור בתקרה"@he .
mtb:DripHouse a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:RoofFeature ;
rdfs:label "drip space (Beit Dilfa)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית דילפא"@he .
mtb:RoofSlab a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:RoofFeature ;
rdfs:label "roof slab thickness"@en ; rdfs:label "עובי תקרה"@he .
mtb:RoofPlaster a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:RoofFeature ;
rdfs:label "roof plaster/ma'azivah"@en ; rdfs:label "מעזיבה"@he .
mtb:Parapet a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:RoofFeature ;
rdfs:label "parapet (ma'akeh)"@en ; rdfs:label "מעקה"@he .
mtb:BirdDeterrent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:RoofFeature ;
rdfs:label "iron anti-perch (like a sword)"@en ; rdfs:label "טס ברזל – כולה עורב"@he .
mtb:CorbelCourse a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "corbel course (melatariot)"@en ; rdfs:label "מלתריות"@he .
# Kodesh ha-Kodashim items & concealment
mtb:Ark a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SacredVessel ;
rdfs:label "Ark of the Covenant"@en ; rdfs:label "ארון"@he .
mtb:JarOfManna a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "jar of manna (tzintzenet ha-man)"@en ; rdfs:label "צנצנת המן"@he .
mtb:AaronsStaff a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "Aaron’s staff"@en ; rdfs:label "מטה אהרון"@he .
mtb:AnointingOil a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "anointing oil"@en ; rdfs:label "שמן המשחה"@he .
mtb:UrimVeTumim a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ;
rdfs:label "Urim ve-Tumim"@en ; rdfs:label "אורים ותומים"@he .
mtb:ConcealmentChamber a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "subterranean concealment"@en ; rdfs:label "מטמוניות לגניזה"@he .
#################################################################
# Named individuals & placements (הלכה א–ב)
#################################################################
# Places/phases
mtb:FirstTemple a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctuaryPhase ;
rdfs:label "First Temple (Bayit Rishon)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית ראשון"@he .
mtb:SecondTemple a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctuaryPhase ;
rdfs:label "Second Temple (Bayit Sheni)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית שני"@he .
# Western stone in the Holy of Holies
mtb:WestStone_HoH a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "western stone of the Holy of Holies"@en ; rdfs:label "אבן מערבית בקודש הקודשים"@he ;
mtb:locatedIn mtb:HolyOfHolies ; mtb:alignedToSide mtb:WestSide ; mtb:halacha "1" .
# Concealment made by Solomon; hiding under Josiah
mtb:SolomonicConcealment a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:ConcealmentChamber ;
rdfs:label "concealment built by Solomon"@en ; rdfs:label "גניזה שעשה שלמה"@he ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:KingJosiah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "King Josiah"@en ; rdfs:label "יאשיהו המלך"@he .
# Artifacts & statuses
mtb:TheArk a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Ark ;
rdfs:label "the Ark"@en ; rdfs:label "הארון"@he ;
mtb:locatedIn mtb:HolyOfHolies ; mtb:alignedToSide mtb:WestSide ;
mtb:concealedIn mtb:SolomonicConcealment ; mtb:hiddenBy mtb:KingJosiah ;
mtb:presentInSecondTemple "false"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:halacha "1-2" .
mtb:Jar_Man a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:JarOfManna ;
mtb:concealedIn mtb:SolomonicConcealment ; mtb:presentInSecondTemple "false"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:Staff_Aaron a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:AaronsStaff ;
mtb:concealedIn mtb:SolomonicConcealment ; mtb:presentInSecondTemple "false"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:halacha "1-2" .
mtb:Oil_Anointing a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:AnointingOil ;
mtb:concealedIn mtb:SolomonicConcealment ; mtb:presentInSecondTemple "false"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:UrimTumim_SecondTemple a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:UrimVeTumim ;
rdfs:label "Urim ve-Tumim (Second Temple)"@en ; rdfs:label "אורים ותומים (בית שני)"@he ;
mtb:presentInSecondTemple "true"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:functional "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
mtb:completesVestmentsOnly "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Existed to complete the High Priest’s eight garments; did not give oracular responses and were not consulted."@en ;
mtb:halacha "2" .
#################################################################
# Separation between Kodesh and Kodesh ha-Kodashim (הלכה ג)
#################################################################
# First Temple – wall with 1 ama thickness
mtb:FirstTempleSeparation a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SeparationWall ;
rdfs:label "separation wall (First Temple)"@en ; rdfs:label "כותל מבדיל (בית ראשון)"@he ;
mtb:thicknessAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ;
mtb:separatesPlace mtb:HolyPlace , mtb:HolyOfHolies ; mtb:halacha "3" .
# Second Temple – two curtains with 1 ama gap
mtb:SecondTempleSeparation a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:DoubleCurtain ;
rdfs:label "double curtain (Second Temple)"@en ; rdfs:label "שתי פרוכות (בית שני)"@he ;
mtb:gapAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ;
mtb:separatesPlace mtb:HolyPlace , mtb:HolyOfHolies ;
skos:note "Made due to doubt which side the First-Temple wall’s ama belonged to; thus 20 ama for Kodesh ha‑Kodashim, 40 ama for Kodesh, and a 1‑ama gap between."@en ;
mtb:halacha "3" .
# Having exactly one parokhet in the First Temple (informative)
mtb:FirstTemple skos:note "In the First Temple there was a single parokhet."@en ; mtb:halacha "3" .
#################################################################
# Heichal/Ulam dimensions & spans (הלכה ד–ו, ט)
#################################################################
# A named instance for the returnees’ Heichal (100×100×100)
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctuaryBuilding ;
rdfs:label "Heichal built by the returnees"@en ; rdfs:label "היכל שבנו בני הגולה"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "100"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "100"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "100"^^xsd:decimal ;
mtb:halacha "4-6,9-10" .
# Vertical stack (from base to top), each with heights per Rambam
mtb:BaseSolidSix a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:WallLayer ;
rdfs:label "solid base (6 amot)"@en ; mtb:heightAmot "6"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:HeichalWall40 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:WallLayer ;
rdfs:label "main Heichal walls (40 amot)"@en ; mtb:heightAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:CeilingCove_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:CeilingCove ; mtb:heightAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:DripHouse_2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:DripHouse ; mtb:heightAmot "2"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:RoofSlab_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:RoofSlab ; mtb:heightAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:RoofPlaster_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:RoofPlaster ; mtb:heightAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:AliyahWall40 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:WallLayer ;
rdfs:label "upper storey walls (40 amot)"@en ; mtb:heightAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:Aliyah_CeilingCove_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:CeilingCove ; mtb:heightAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:Aliyah_DripHouse_2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:DripHouse ; mtb:heightAmot "2"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:Aliyah_RoofSlab_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:RoofSlab ; mtb:heightAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:Aliyah_RoofPlaster_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:RoofPlaster ; mtb:heightAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:Parapet_3 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Parapet ; mtb:heightAmot "3"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:IronAntiPerch_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:BirdDeterrent ;
rdfs:label "iron anti-perch (1 ama)"@en ; rdfs:label "טס ברזל (אמה)"@he ;
mtb:heightAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; skos:note "Like a sword around the parapet to prevent birds settling; called ‘kula orev’."@en ; mtb:halacha "4" .
# Attach the vertical features to the Heichal
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah mtb:hasWallLayer mtb:BaseSolidSix , mtb:HeichalWall40 , mtb:AliyahWall40 ;
mtb:hasRoofFeature mtb:CeilingCove_1 , mtb:DripHouse_2 , mtb:RoofSlab_1 , mtb:RoofPlaster_1 ,
mtb:Aliyah_CeilingCove_1 , mtb:Aliyah_DripHouse_2 , mtb:Aliyah_RoofSlab_1 , mtb:Aliyah_RoofPlaster_1 ,
mtb:Parapet_3 , mtb:IronAntiPerch_1 .
# East-west span breakdown to 100 amot (הלכה ה)
mtb:Heichal_EW_Span a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "Heichal span west↔east (100 amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "טווח היכל ממערב למזרח"@he ;
mtb:spanAmot "100"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "5" .
# North-south span breakdown to 100 amot (הלכה ו)
mtb:Heichal_NS_Span a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "Heichal span north↔south (100 amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "טווח היכל מצפון לדרום"@he ;
mtb:spanAmot "100"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "6" .
#################################################################
# Gate system (הלכה ז–ח) and Ulam façade (הלכה ט)
#################################################################
# Great gate (10×20) with four doors
mtb:GreatGate a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Great Gate of the Heichal"@en ; rdfs:label "השער הגדול של ההיכל"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ;
mtb:doorCount "4"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:OuterDoor_L a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Door .
mtb:OuterDoor_R a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Door .
mtb:InnerDoor_L a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Door .
mtb:InnerDoor_R a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Door .
mtb:GreatGate mtb:hasDoor mtb:OuterDoor_L , mtb:OuterDoor_R , mtb:InnerDoor_L , mtb:InnerDoor_R .
mtb:OuterDoor_L mtb:opensInto mtb:Gate . # covers wall thickness (conceptual)
mtb:OuterDoor_R mtb:opensInto mtb:Gate .
mtb:InnerDoor_L mtb:opensInto mtb:HolyPlace .
mtb:InnerDoor_R mtb:opensInto mtb:HolyPlace .
# Two pishpeshim at sides of the great gate
mtb:Pishpesh_North a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SmallGate ;
rdfs:label "northern pishpesh"@en ; rdfs:label "פשפש הצפוני"@he ; mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:Pishpesh_South a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SmallGate ;
rdfs:label "southern pishpesh (permanently unopened)"@en ; rdfs:label "פשפש הדרומי (סגור)"@he ;
skos:note "Never used; ‘this gate shall be shut’ (Ezekiel 44:2)."@en ; mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:GreatGate mtb:hasSmallGate mtb:Pishpesh_North , mtb:Pishpesh_South .
# Ulam opening (40 high × 20 wide), no doors, with 5 corbel courses to 30 ama span
mtb:UlamOpening a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Ulam opening"@en ; rdfs:label "פתח האולם"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:Corbel_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:CorbelCourse ; mtb:spanAmot "22"^^xsd:decimal .
mtb:Corbel_2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:CorbelCourse ; mtb:spanAmot "24"^^xsd:decimal .
mtb:Corbel_3 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:CorbelCourse ; mtb:spanAmot "26"^^xsd:decimal .
mtb:Corbel_4 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:CorbelCourse ; mtb:spanAmot "28"^^xsd:decimal .
mtb:Corbel_5 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:CorbelCourse ; mtb:spanAmot "30"^^xsd:decimal .
mtb:UlamOpening mtb:hasFeature mtb:Corbel_1 , mtb:Corbel_2 , mtb:Corbel_3 , mtb:Corbel_4 , mtb:Corbel_5 ;
skos:note "Five melatariot above; each projects +1 ama each side over the one below; a stone course between each; top span 30 amot."@en ;
mtb:halacha "9" .
#################################################################
# Heichal plan shape, side-chambers & tiers (הלכה י–יב)
#################################################################
# Heichal shape like a lion (wide front, narrow rear) – descriptive
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah skos:note "Plan: wide at the front and narrow at the back, like a lion."@en ; mtb:halacha "10" .
# Three rings of side-chambers (yetzia) around three sides, 3 storeys
mtb:SideChambers_N a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SideChamber ;
rdfs:label "north side-chambers (3 storeys)"@en ; rdfs:label "תאי צפון"@he ;
mtb:storeyCount "3"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:cellCount "15"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:SideChambers_S a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SideChamber ;
rdfs:label "south side-chambers (3 storeys)"@en ; rdfs:label "תאי דרום"@he ;
mtb:storeyCount "3"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:cellCount "15"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:SideChambers_W a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SideChamber ;
rdfs:label "west side-chambers (3 storeys, 3+3+2)"@en ; rdfs:label "תאי מערב"@he ;
mtb:storeyCount "3"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:cellCount "8"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah mtb:hasSideChamber mtb:SideChambers_N , mtb:SideChambers_S , mtb:SideChambers_W ;
skos:note "Total ta’im around the Heichal: 38."@en ; mtb:halacha "12" .
# Tier widths per storey around the house (5/6/7) – informative
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah skos:note "Yetzia widths by tier: lower 5, middle 6, upper 7 (I Kings 6:6); three sides encompassed."@en ; mtb:halacha "10" .
# Ulam wall rustication pattern (alternating bands)
mtb:UlamBands a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Ulam wall bands"@en ; rdfs:label "רובדים באולם"@he ;
skos:note "From bottom to top: 1 ama plain, 3 ama band, 1 ama plain, 3 ama band, ...; uppermost band 4 amot."@en ; mtb:halacha "11" .
#################################################################
# Inter-wall voids and concentric walls (הלכה ה–ו, ז)
#################################################################
# We model the void strips and layers by notes + representative individuals
mtb:EW_Void_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:VoidStrip ; mtb:spanAmot "5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:EW_Void_2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:VoidStrip ; mtb:spanAmot "6"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:EW_Void_3 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:VoidStrip ; mtb:spanAmot "6"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:NS_Void_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:VoidStrip ; mtb:spanAmot "5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:NS_Void_2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:VoidStrip ; mtb:spanAmot "3"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:NS_Void_3 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:VoidStrip ; mtb:spanAmot "5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:NS_Void_4 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:VoidStrip ; mtb:spanAmot "6"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:NS_Void_5 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:VoidStrip ; mtb:spanAmot "6"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah mtb:hasVoidStrip mtb:EW_Void_1 , mtb:EW_Void_2 , mtb:EW_Void_3 ,
mtb:NS_Void_1 , mtb:NS_Void_2 , mtb:NS_Void_3 , mtb:NS_Void_4 , mtb:NS_Void_5 .
#################################################################
# Walk paths, special openings, and maintenance (הלכה ז, יב–טו)
#################################################################
# Walkway (mesivah) path around the sides to the Aliyah entrance on the south
mtb:HeichalWalkway a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Walkway ;
rdfs:label "spiral walkway to the roof of the ta’im"@en ; rdfs:label "מסיבה לעלות לגגות התאים"@he ;
skos:note "Ascend from NE to NW; traverse north face westwards, then south along west face, then east along south face to the Aliyah entrance (opened to the south)."@en ;
mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah mtb:hasWalkway mtb:HeichalWalkway .
# Additional connections/openings in the NE middle-storey chamber
mtb:NE_Middle_Chamber a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SideChamber ;
rdfs:label "NE middle-storey chamber with 5 openings"@en ; rdfs:label "תא אמצעי בצפון-מזרח (5 פתחים)"@he ;
skos:note "Openings to: right cell, the cell above, the walkway, the chamber with a pishpesh, and the Heichal."@en ; mtb:halacha "13" .
# Roof separation & maintenance apertures
mtb:RoofSeparators a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "separators between Kodesh and Kodesh ha-Kodashim roofs"@en ; rdfs:label "ראשי פסיפסין מבדילים בגגות"@he ; mtb:halacha "15" .
mtb:Lulin_Openings a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Opening ;
rdfs:label "lulin (maintenance apertures) over the Holy of Holies"@en ; rdfs:label "לולין בעלייה"@he ;
skos:note "Craftsmen were lowered in boxes through these apertures so they would not gaze at the Holy of Holies."@en ; mtb:halacha "15" .
# Annual whitewashing of the Heichal
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah mtb:whitewashedAnnually "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Heichal was whitewashed once each year, from Pesach to Pesach."@en ; mtb:halacha "15" .
#################################################################
# Gate access route via the northern pishpesh (הלכה ז)
#################################################################
mtb:NorthernPishpeshRoute a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "route via northern pishpesh"@en ; rdfs:label "מהלך דרך הפשפש הצפוני"@he ;
skos:note "Enter by the northern pishpesh, walk between the two walls until reaching an opening to the Kodesh on the left; enter the Heichal and proceed to the Great Gate to open it."@en ;
mtb:halacha "7" .
@prefix mtb: <https://purl.org/mt/beit-habechira#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
#################################################################
# Ontology header (Chapter 5 module)
#################################################################
mtb:ch5 a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Mishneh Torah – Hilkhot Beit Ha-Bechira ch. 5 (OWL extension)"@en ;
dcterms:source "User-supplied text: Mishneh Torah, Sefer Avodah, Beit HaBechira ch.5 (mechon-mamre.org)"@en ;
dcterms:created "2025-08-22"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:language "he" ;
dcterms:creator "Automated extraction based on provided text"@en .
#################################################################
# Additional materials & core datatypes (additive)
#################################################################
mtb:Bronze a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Metal ;
rdfs:label "bronze"@en ; rdfs:label "נחושת"@he .
# Measures already exist (lengthAmot, widthAmot, heightAmot, heightTefach)
mtb:gateCount a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "gate count"@en ; rdfs:label "מספר שערים"@he .
#################################################################
# New places/structures for Chapter 5
#################################################################
mtb:TempleMount a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "Har HaBayit / Mount Moriah precinct"@en ; rdfs:label "הר הבית (הר המוריה)"@he ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:Colonnade a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "colonnade / stoa"@en ; rdfs:label "סטיו"@he ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:UnderpinningArches a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "arches upon arches (substructures)"@en ; rdfs:label "כיפין על גבי כיפין"@he ;
skos:note "Substructures under the Mount, built due to tum'at ohel concerns."@en ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:SoregFence a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "soreg fence"@en ; rdfs:label "סורג"@he ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:Cheil a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Cheil terrace/berm"@en ; rdfs:label "חיל"@he ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:WomensCourt a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Courtyard ;
rdfs:label "Ezrat Nashim"@en ; rdfs:label "עזרת נשים"@he ; mtb:halacha "6-8" .
mtb:Gallery a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "balcony/gallery"@en ; rdfs:label "כצוצטרה"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:Slaughterhouse a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Beit ha‑Mitbachayim (slaughterhouse)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית המטבחיים"@he ; mtb:halacha "13-14" .
mtb:RingArea a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "place of the rings"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום הטבעות"@he ; mtb:halacha "14" .
mtb:MarbleTableArea a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "marble tables area"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום השולחנות (שיש)"@he ; mtb:halacha "14" .
mtb:TzafonZone a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "designated ‘North’ slaughter zone (kodshei kodashim)"@en ;
rdfs:label "מרובע ‘צפון’ לשחיטת קודשי קודשים"@he ; mtb:halacha "15" .
mtb:Dome a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "dome"@en ; rdfs:label "כיפה"@he ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:BeitHaMoked a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Beit Ha‑Moked"@en ; rdfs:label "בית המוקד"@he ; mtb:halacha "9-10" .
mtb:UndergroundWalkway a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Walkway ;
rdfs:label "underground passage (mesivah under the Temple)"@en ;
rdfs:label "מסיבה תת-קרקעית תחת המקדש"@he ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:Mikveh a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "mikveh"@en ; rdfs:label "בית הטבילה"@he ; mtb:halacha "10-11,16" .
mtb:Hearth a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "hearth"@en ; rdfs:label "מדורה"@he ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:HonorToilet a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "dignified latrine (locked=occupied)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית הכיסא של כבוד"@he ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:Chamber a owl:Class . # already defined in Ch.1; repeated for readability
#################################################################
# Properties for placement & composition
#################################################################
mtb:hasColonnade a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has colonnade"@en ; rdfs:label "מוקף סטיו"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:TempleMount ; rdfs:range mtb:Colonnade .
mtb:hasSubstructure a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has substructure"@en ; rdfs:label "תת-מבנה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Place ; rdfs:range mtb:Structure .
mtb:surrounds a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "surrounds"@en ; rdfs:label "מקיף"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:alignedWith a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "aligned with (centerline)"@en ; rdfs:label "מכוון כנגד"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:hasEntranceTo a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has entrance to"@en ; rdfs:label "פתח ל־"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:hasChamber a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:label "has chamber (lishkah)"@en ; rdfs:label "כולל לשכה"@he ;
rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Chamber .
mtb:roofed a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "roofed"@en ; rdfs:label "מקורה"@he .
mtb:tableCount a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "table count"@en ; rdfs:label "מספר שולחנות"@he .
mtb:hasLighting a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "has lighting"@en ; rdfs:label "תאורה קיימת"@he .
mtb:lockedIndicatesOccupied a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "locked ⇒ occupied"@en ; rdfs:label "נעול ⇒ תפוס"@he .
#################################################################
# Temple Mount envelope (הלכה א–ב)
#################################################################
mtb:HarHaBayit a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:TempleMount ;
rdfs:label "Har HaBayit precinct (500×500 amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "הר הבית – 500×500 אמה"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "500"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "500"^^xsd:decimal ;
mtb:gateCount "5"^^xsd:integer ;
mtb:hasSubstructure mtb:Arches_UnderMount ;
mtb:hasColonnade mtb:OuterStoa , mtb:InnerStoa ;
mtb:halacha "1-2" .
mtb:Arches_UnderMount a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:UnderpinningArches .
mtb:OuterStoa a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Colonnade ; rdfs:label "outer colonnade"@en ; rdfs:label "סטיו חיצון"@he .
mtb:InnerStoa a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Colonnade ; rdfs:label "inner colonnade"@en ; rdfs:label "סטיו פנימי"@he .
# Temple Mount gates (10×20 amot each; with doors)
mtb:TMountGate_W a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Temple Mount – west gate"@en ; rdfs:label "שער מערבי בהר הבית"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:TMountGate_E a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Temple Mount – east gate"@en ; rdfs:label "שער מזרחי בהר הבית"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:TMountGate_N a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Temple Mount – north gate"@en ; rdfs:label "שער צפוני בהר הבית"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:TMountGate_S1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Temple Mount – south gate (1)"@en ; rdfs:label "שער דרומי (1) בהר הבית"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:TMountGate_S2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Temple Mount – south gate (2)"@en ; rdfs:label "שער דרומי (2) בהר הבית"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "1" .
# Soreg & Cheil rings (heights)
mtb:Soreg a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SoregFence ;
mtb:heightTefach "10"^^xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "soreg (10 tefach high)"@en ; rdfs:label "סורג (גובה 10 טפחים)"@he ; mtb:halacha "2" .
mtb:Cheil_Berm a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Cheil ;
mtb:heightAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "Cheil (10 amot rise; wall of the Azarah)"@en ; rdfs:label "חיל (גובה 10 אמות)"@he ; mtb:halacha "2" .
#################################################################
# Azarah (courtyard) footprint & gates (הלכה ג–ה, יב–טו)
#################################################################
mtb:Azarah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Courtyard ;
rdfs:label "Azarah (187×135 amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "עזרה (187×135 אמה)"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "187"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "135"^^xsd:decimal ;
skos:note "Not centered in the Mount: farther from south; closer to west; distance to north > to west; distance to east > to north."@en ;
mtb:halacha "3,5,12-15" .
# Seven Azarah gates (10×20 amot; doors gold‑plated except Nikanor)
mtb:AzarahGate_N1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ; mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; rdfs:label "north gate 1 (near west)"@en ; mtb:halacha "3-4" .
mtb:AzarahGate_N2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ; mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; rdfs:label "north gate 2 (near west)"@en ; mtb:halacha "3-4" .
mtb:AzarahGate_N3 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ; mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; rdfs:label "north gate 3 (near west)"@en ; mtb:halacha "3-4" .
mtb:AzarahGate_S1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ; mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; rdfs:label "south gate 1 (near west)"@en ; mtb:halacha "3-4" .
mtb:AzarahGate_S2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ; mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; rdfs:label "south gate 2 (near west)"@en ; mtb:halacha "3-4" .
mtb:AzarahGate_S3 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ; mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ; rdfs:label "south gate 3 (near west)"@en ; mtb:halacha "3-4" .
mtb:Gate_Nikanor a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Eastern Gate (Sha'ar Elyon / Nikanor)"@en ; rdfs:label "שער ניקנור (העליון) – מזרח"@he ;
mtb:alignedWith mtb:HolyOfHolies ;
mtb:widthAmot "10"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:heightAmot "20"^^xsd:decimal ;
mtb:hasMaterial mtb:Bronze ; skos:note "Bronze with a gold-like appearance; the other Azarah gate doors were gold plated."@en ;
mtb:halacha "3-4" .
#################################################################
# Ezrat Nashim & its four corner chambers (הלכה ו–ח)
#################################################################
mtb:EzratNashim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:WomensCourt ;
rdfs:label "Ezrat Nashim (135×135 amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "עזרת נשים (135×135 אמה)"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "135"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "135"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "6-8" .
mtb:EzratNashim_Gallery a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gallery ;
rdfs:label "surrounding gallery for separation"@en ; rdfs:label "כצוצטרה – גזוזטרה להפרדה"@he ;
skos:note "Women observed from above and men from below so they would not intermingle."@en ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:EzratNashim mtb:hasFeature mtb:EzratNashim_Gallery .
# Corner chambers 40×40 amot, unroofed (and so in future)
mtb:LishkatNezirim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "SE corner – Nazirites’ chamber"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת הנזירים (דרומית-מזרחית)"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:roofed "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Nazirites cooked their shelamim and shaved there."@en ; mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:EzratNashim mtb:hasChamber mtb:LishkatNezirim .
mtb:LishkatDirHaEtzim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "NE corner – Wood depot (worm‑check)"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת דיר העצים (מזרחית-צפונית)"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:roofed "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Priests with blemishes inspected wood; wormy wood is invalid."@en ; mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:EzratNashim mtb:hasChamber mtb:LishkatDirHaEtzim .
mtb:LishkatMetzoraim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "NW corner – Metzora’im chamber"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת המצורעים (צפונית-מערבית)"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:roofed "false"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:EzratNashim mtb:hasChamber mtb:LishkatMetzoraim .
mtb:LishkatBeitShemanya a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "SW corner – Wine & oil (Beit Shemaneha)"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת בית שמניא (מערבית-דרומית)"@he ;
mtb:lengthAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:widthAmot "40"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:roofed "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Wine and oil were stored there."@en ; mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:EzratNashim mtb:hasChamber mtb:LishkatBeitShemanya .
#################################################################
# Beit Ha‑Moked complex (הלכה ט–יא)
#################################################################
mtb:BeitHaMoked_Main a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:BeitHaMoked ;
rdfs:label "Beit Ha‑Moked (domed, by Azarah north outside between Azarah & Cheil)"@en ;
rdfs:label "בית המוקד – בנוי כיפה, בצפון העזרה מבחוץ בין העזרה לחיל"@he ;
mtb:hasFeature [ a mtb:Dome ] ;
mtb:hasEntranceTo mtb:Azarah , mtb:Cheil_Berm ;
skos:note "Encircled with stone courses (rovdin)."@en ; mtb:halacha "9" .
# Four chambers inside – two sacred, two non‑sacred; boundary markers
mtb:BM_Lambs a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "SW – Lishkat ha‑Tela’im (lambs)"@en ; rdfs:label "מערבית-דרומית – לשכת הטלאים"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
mtb:BM_Showbread a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "SE – Lishkat Osai Lechem ha‑Panim"@en ; rdfs:label "דרומית-מזרחית – לשכת עושי לחם הפנים"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
mtb:BM_Maccabean a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "NE – Hasmoneans’ storage of desecrated altar stones"@en ;
rdfs:label "מזרחית-צפונית – גניזת אבני המזבח ששיקצום מלכי יוון"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
mtb:BM_MikvehDescent a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "NW – descent to the mikveh"@en ; rdfs:label "צפונית-מערבית – ירידה לבית הטבילה"@he ; mtb:halacha "10" .
mtb:BeitHaMoked_Main mtb:hasChamber mtb:BM_Lambs , mtb:BM_Showbread , mtb:BM_Maccabean , mtb:BM_MikvehDescent ;
skos:note "Two chambers sacred, two secular; boundary ‘heads of tessellations’ separated sacred from secular."@en ; mtb:halacha "9-10" .
# Subterranean passage to the mikveh, with lighting, hearth and dignified latrine
mtb:UnderPassage a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:UndergroundWalkway ;
rdfs:label "subterranean passage to the mikveh (lamps along)"@en ; rdfs:label "מסיבה לתת הקרקע לבית הטבילה (נרות דולקות)"@he ;
mtb:hasLighting "true"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:BeitHaMoked_Mikveh a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Mikveh ; mtb:halacha "10-11" .
mtb:UnderPassage mtb:hasEntranceTo mtb:BeitHaMoked_Mikveh .
mtb:UnderPassage mtb:hasFeature [ a mtb:Hearth ] , [ a mtb:HonorToilet ; mtb:lockedIndicatesOccupied "true"^^xsd:boolean ] ; mtb:halacha "11" .
#################################################################
# Azarah – longitudinal (W↔E) and transverse (N↔S) breakdowns (הלכה יב–יד)
#################################################################
# West→East 187 amot: 11 (W wall → Heichal wall) + 100 Heichal + 22 (between Ulam & altar) + 32 Altar + 11 Kohanim + 11 Israel
mtb:Azarah_WtoE_Seg_WallToHeichal a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "W wall → Heichal wall"@en ; rdfs:label "מכותל מערבי עד כותל ההיכל (11)"@he ; mtb:lengthAmot "11"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Azarah_WtoE_Seg_Heichal a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "Heichal length"@en ; rdfs:label "אורך ההיכל (100)"@he ; mtb:lengthAmot "100"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Azarah_WtoE_Seg_BeinUlamLemezbeach a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "between Ulam & Altar"@en ; rdfs:label "בין האולם ולמזבח (22)"@he ; mtb:lengthAmot "22"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Azarah_WtoE_Seg_Altar a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "Altar length"@en ; rdfs:label "המזבח (32)"@he ; mtb:lengthAmot "32"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Azarah_KohanimStrip a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "Azarat Kohanim strip"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום דריסת רגלי כהנים (11)"@he ; mtb:lengthAmot "11"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Azarah_YisraelStrip a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ;
rdfs:label "Azarat Yisrael strip"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום דריסת רגלי ישראל (11)"@he ; mtb:lengthAmot "11"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "12" .
# North→South 135 amot: 8 (to Mitbachayim) + 12.5 Mitbachayim + 8 Tables + 24 Rings + 8 gap to altar + 32 Altar + 30 Ramp + 12.5 to south wall
mtb:Strip_ToMitbachayim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ; rdfs:label "N wall → Mitbachayim"@en ; rdfs:label "כותל צפון עד בית המטבחיים (8)"@he ; mtb:widthAmot "8"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "13" .
mtb:Mitbachayim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Slaughterhouse ; mtb:widthAmot "12.5"^^xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "Beit ha‑Mitbachayim (12.5)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית המטבחיים (י״ב וחצי)"@he ;
skos:note "Hanging & flaying of kodshim."@en ; mtb:halacha "13" .
mtb:TablesArea a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:MarbleTableArea ;
rdfs:label "marble tables (8)"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום השולחנות (8)"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "8"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:tableCount "8"^^xsd:integer ;
skos:note "Marble tables to set cuts & rinse meat for cooking."@en ; mtb:halacha "14" .
mtb:RingsArea a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:RingArea ;
rdfs:label "place of rings (24)"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום הטבעות (כ״ד אמות)"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "24"^^xsd:decimal ; skos:note "Slaughter of kodshim."@en ; mtb:halacha "14" .
mtb:Gap_RingsToAltar a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ; rdfs:label "gap rings→altar (8)"@en ; rdfs:label "בין טבעות למזבח (8)"@he ; mtb:widthAmot "8"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "14" .
# Altar & Ramp already modeled in ch.2; we include transverse widths here
mtb:Altar_Width_NS a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ; rdfs:label "altar width (32)"@en ; rdfs:label "מזבח (32)"@he ; mtb:widthAmot "32"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "14" .
mtb:Ramp_Width_NS a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ; rdfs:label "ramp width (30)"@en ; rdfs:label "כבש (30)"@he ; mtb:widthAmot "30"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "14" .
mtb:Gap_RampToSouth a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SpatialRegion ; rdfs:label "ramp → south wall (12.5)"@en ; rdfs:label "בין הכבש לכותל דרום (י״ב וחצי)"@he ; mtb:widthAmot "12.5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "14" .
# Tzafon slaughter rectangle (width 60.5; length 76 from Ulam to east wall)
mtb:Tzafon_Rect a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:TzafonZone ;
rdfs:label "North rectangle for kodshei kodashim (60.5 × 76)"@en ; rdfs:label "מרובע ‘צפון’ – 60.5×76"@he ;
mtb:widthAmot "60.5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:lengthAmot "76"^^xsd:decimal ;
skos:note "Measured N→S from the Azarah’s north wall to the altar line; E→W from the Ulam to the east wall."@en ;
mtb:halacha "15" .
#################################################################
# Lishkot (chambers) of Azarat Yisrael (הלכה טז–יט)
#################################################################
# South side (3)
mtb:LishkatHaMelach a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "Lishkat ha‑Melach (salt)"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת המלח"@he ; skos:note "Salt for offerings."@en ; mtb:halacha "16" .
mtb:LishkatHaParva a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "Lishkat ha‑Parva"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת הפרווה"@he ;
skos:note "Hides of kodshim salted; on its roof was the Kohen Gadol’s Yom Kippur mikveh."@en ; mtb:halacha "16" .
mtb:LishkatHaMedichin a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "Lishkat ha‑Medichin (washing innards)"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת המדיחין"@he ;
skos:note "Washing of innards; a ramp ascended from there to Beit ha‑Parva’s roof."@en ; mtb:halacha "16" .
# North side (3)
mtb:LishkatHaGazit a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "Lishkat ha‑Gazit (Great Sanhedrin)"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת הגזית (סנהדרין גדולה)"@he ;
skos:note "Half sacred / half secular; two doors, one to sacred and one to secular; Sanhedrin sat in the secular half."@en ; mtb:halacha "17" .
mtb:LishkatHaGolah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "Lishkat ha‑Golah (cistern with wheel)"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת הגולה (בור וגלגל)"@he ;
skos:note "Water drawn by wheel; supplied water to the whole Azarah."@en ; mtb:halacha "18" .
mtb:LishkatHaEtz a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "Lishkat ha‑Etz (High Priest’s chamber / Parhedrin)"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת העץ (לשכת פלהדרין)"@he ;
skos:note "Behind the other two; roof of all three was level."@en ; mtb:halacha "18" .
# Two additional chambers by the east gate
mtb:LishkatPinchasHaMalbish a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "right of East Gate – Lishkat Pinchas ha‑Malbish"@en ; rdfs:label "ימין שער מזרחי – לשכת פינחס המלביש"@he ; mtb:halacha "19" .
mtb:LishkatOsaiChavitin a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "left of East Gate – Lishkat Osai Chavitin"@en ; rdfs:label "שמאל שער מזרחי – לשכת עושי חביתין"@he ; mtb:halacha "19" .
@prefix mtb: <https://purl.org/mt/beit-habechira#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
#################################################################
# Ontology header (Chapter 6 module)
#################################################################
mtb:ch6 a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Mishneh Torah – Hilkhot Beit Ha-Bechira ch. 6 (OWL extension)"@en ;
dcterms:source "User-supplied text: Mishneh Torah, Sefer Avodah, Beit HaBechira ch.6 (mechon-mamre.org)"@en ;
dcterms:created "2025-08-22"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:language "he" ;
dcterms:creator "Automated extraction based on provided text"@en .
#################################################################
# New classes & properties for terracing, sanctity logic, & law
#################################################################
# Elevations & stairs
mtb:StepFlight a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "stair flight"@en ; rdfs:label "מעלות"@he .
mtb:stepCount a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
rdfs:label "number of steps"@en ; rdfs:label "מספר מעלות"@he .
mtb:riserHeightAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "riser height (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "רום מעלה (אמות)"@he .
mtb:treadDepthAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "tread depth (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "שלח מעלה (אמות)"@he .
mtb:ascendsFrom a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:StepFlight ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:ascendsTo a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:StepFlight ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:elevationAbove a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Place ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:elevationDeltaAmot a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
rdfs:label "elevation delta (amot)"@en ; rdfs:label "הפרש גובה (אמות)"@he .
# Line-of-sight / vantage
mtb:hasLineOfSightTo a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Place ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:wallAboveLowered a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "upper wall lowered here"@en ; rdfs:label "כותל עליון הונמך"@he .
# Roles & service
mtb:Levite a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "Levite"@en ; rdfs:label "לוי"@he .
mtb:Duchan a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Duchan (levitical platform)"@en ; rdfs:label "דוכן"@he .
mtb:standsOnDuringService a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Levite ; rdfs:range mtb:Duchan .
mtb:Instrument a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact .
mtb:Kinnor a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Instrument ; rdfs:label "kinnor/lyre"@en ; rdfs:label "כינור"@he .
mtb:Nevel a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Instrument ; rdfs:label "nevel/harp"@en ; rdfs:label "נבל"@he .
mtb:Tziltzal a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Instrument ; rdfs:label "cymbal"@en ; rdfs:label "מצלתיים"@he .
# Chambers, tunnels, windows & sanctity semantics
mtb:opensTo a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:builtWithin a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:roofLevelAlignedWithAzarah a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:label "roof level aligned with Azarah floor"@en ; rdfs:label "גובה הגג כשווה לרצפת העזרה"@he .
mtb:SanctityLevel a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "sanctity level"@en ; rdfs:label "מדרגת קדושה"@he .
mtb:KodeshLevel a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctityLevel ; rdfs:label "kodesh"@en ; rdfs:label "קודש"@he .
mtb:CholLevel a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctityLevel ; rdfs:label "chol (non‑sacred)"@en ; rdfs:label "חול"@he .
mtb:interiorSanctity a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Chamber ; rdfs:range mtb:SanctityLevel .
mtb:roofSanctity a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Chamber ; rdfs:range mtb:SanctityLevel .
mtb:Tunnel a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "machilot / tunnels"@en ; rdfs:label "מחילות"@he .
mtb:Window a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "window"@en ; rdfs:label "חלון"@he .
mtb:WallThickness a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "wall thickness"@en ; rdfs:label "עובי החומה"@he .
mtb:LegalPurpose a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "legal purpose"@en ; rdfs:label "ייעוד הלכתי"@he .
mtb:EatingKodesheiKodashim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:LegalPurpose ; rdfs:label "eating kodeshei kodashim"@en ; rdfs:label "אכילת קודשי קודשים"@he .
mtb:TumahStatus a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:LegalPurpose ; rdfs:label "tum'ah status"@en ; rdfs:label "טומאה"@he .
mtb:countsAsInteriorFor a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Structure ; rdfs:range mtb:LegalPurpose .
# Kedushah processes & theology
mtb:SanctificationProcess a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "sanctification process"@en ; rdfs:label "תהליך קידוש"@he .
mtb:CityExpansionSanctification a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SanctificationProcess .
mtb:AzarahExpansionSanctification a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:SanctificationProcess .
mtb:requiresAgent a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:SanctificationProcess ; rdfs:range mtb:Person .
mtb:requiresInstitution a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:SanctificationProcess ; rdfs:range mtb:Entity .
mtb:requiresInstrument a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:SanctificationProcess ; rdfs:range mtb:Artifact .
mtb:targets a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:SanctificationProcess ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:performedWith a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:SanctificationProcess ; rdfs:range mtb:Artifact .
mtb:performedInOrder a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:King a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ; rdfs:label "king"@en ; rdfs:label "מלך"@he .
mtb:Prophet a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ; rdfs:label "prophet"@en ; rdfs:label "נביא"@he .
mtb:Sanhedrin71 a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "Sanhedrin of 71"@en ; rdfs:label "סנהדרין של שבעים ואחד"@he .
mtb:TodahOffering a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "thank offering (todah)"@en ; rdfs:label "תודת תודה"@he .
mtb:ChametzLoaf a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "chametz loaf"@en ; rdfs:label "לחם חמץ"@he .
# UrimVeTumim class defined in Ch.4
# Kedushah modalities & outcomes
mtb:KedushahAct a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity .
mtb:KedushahRishonah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:KedushahAct ;
rdfs:label "first sanctification (Solomon)"@en ; rdfs:label "קדושה ראשונה (שלמה)"@he .
mtb:KedushahShniyah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:KedushahAct ;
rdfs:label "second sanctification (Ezra)"@en ; rdfs:label "קדושה שנייה (עזרא)"@he .
mtb:SanctificationMode a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "sanctification mode"@en ; rdfs:label "אופן קידוש"@he .
mtb:ByShekhinah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctificationMode ; rdfs:label "by Shekhinah"@en ; rdfs:label "מפני השכינה"@he .
mtb:ByConquest a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctificationMode ; rdfs:label "by conquest"@en ; rdfs:label "כיבוש"@he .
mtb:ByHazakah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:SanctificationMode ; rdfs:label "by possession (ḥazakah)"@en ; rdfs:label "חזקה"@he .
mtb:appliesTo a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:KedushahAct ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:mode a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:KedushahAct ; rdfs:range mtb:SanctificationMode .
mtb:persists a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:label "persists for the future"@en ; rdfs:label "קיימת לעתיד לבוא"@he .
mtb:sacrificesPermittedWithoutBuilding a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:eatKodesheiKodashimHere a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:eatKodshimKalimAndMaaserHere a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
#################################################################
# Named places reused
#################################################################
# From earlier modules:
# - mtb:HarHaBayit (Temple Mount), mtb:Cheil_Berm, mtb:EzratNashim, mtb:Azarah,
# - mtb:HolyPlace, mtb:Ulam, mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah, mtb:Gate_Nikanor, mtb:TMountGate_E, mtb:Jerusalem
mtb:HarHaMashchah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Mountain ;
rdfs:label "Mount of Olives (Har ha-Mashcha)"@en ; rdfs:label "הר המשחה"@he ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:HeichalEntrance a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Heichal doorway"@en ; rdfs:label "פתח ההיכל"@he ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:HolyPlace ; mtb:halacha "4-5" .
#################################################################
# Terracing: elevations & stair flights (הלכה א–ד, ה)
#################################################################
# East Gate → Cheil → Ezrat Nashim (12 steps, 1/2 ama rise & run)
mtb:Steps_CheilToNashim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:StepFlight ;
rdfs:label "Cheil → Ezrat Nashim steps"@en ; rdfs:label "מן החיל לעזרת נשים – י״ב מעלות"@he ;
mtb:ascendsFrom mtb:Cheil_Berm ; mtb:ascendsTo mtb:EzratNashim ;
mtb:stepCount 12 ; mtb:riserHeightAmot "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:treadDepthAmot "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "1" .
# Ezrat Nashim → Ezrat Yisrael (15 steps, 1/2 & 1/2)
mtb:Steps_NashimToYisrael a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:StepFlight ;
rdfs:label "Ezrat Nashim → Ezrat Yisrael steps"@en ; rdfs:label "מעזרת נשים לעזרת ישראל – ט״ו מעלות"@he ;
mtb:ascendsFrom mtb:EzratNashim ; mtb:ascendsTo mtb:Azarah ;
mtb:stepCount 15 ; mtb:riserHeightAmot "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:treadDepthAmot "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "2" .
# A unique 1-ama step + the Duchan (3 steps of 1/2 & 1/2) up to Ezrat Kohanim
mtb:Step_OneAma a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:StepFlight ;
rdfs:label "one‑ama riser up to Kohanim zone"@en ; rdfs:label "מעלה גבוהה אמה"@he ;
mtb:ascendsFrom mtb:Azarah ; mtb:ascendsTo mtb:Azarah ; # within Azarah, between Yisrael→Kohanim strips
mtb:stepCount 1 ; mtb:riserHeightAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:treadDepthAmot "0"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "3" .
mtb:Duchan_Main a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Duchan ;
rdfs:label "Duchan of three steps"@en ; rdfs:label "דוכן – שלוש מעלות"@he ;
mtb:stepCount 3 ; mtb:riserHeightAmot "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:treadDepthAmot "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ;
skos:note "Levites stand here for the sacrificial song."@en ; mtb:halacha "3,6" .
# Between Ulam & Altar → Ulam (12 steps, rise 1/2, tread 1)
mtb:Steps_BUL_to_Ulam a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:StepFlight ;
rdfs:label "Between Ulam & Altar → Ulam steps"@en ; rdfs:label "מבין האולם ולמזבח לאולם – י״ב מעלות"@he ;
mtb:ascendsFrom mtb:HolyPlace ; mtb:ascendsTo mtb:Ulam ;
mtb:stepCount 12 ; mtb:riserHeightAmot "0.5"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:treadDepthAmot "1"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "4" .
# Level/elevation relationships and global delta
mtb:Azarah skos:note "Ezrat Kohanim, the altar, and the Between‑Ulam‑and‑Altar area are on one level."@en ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:Azarah mtb:elevationAbove mtb:Azarah ; mtb:elevationDeltaAmot "2.5"^^xsd:decimal ;
skos:note "Kohanim strip stands 2.5 amot above Israel strip (1 ama riser + 3×½ ama on the Duchan)."@en ; mtb:halacha "3" .
# Heichal floor vs. East Gate of Har HaBayit
mtb:Heichal_BneiHaGolah mtb:elevationAbove mtb:TMountGate_E ; mtb:elevationDeltaAmot "22"^^xsd:decimal ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:TMountGate_E mtb:wallAboveLowered "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Upper wall above the East Gate was lowered so that one standing on the Mount of Olives could see the Heichal doorway during Parah Adumah sprinkling."@en ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:HarHaMashchah mtb:hasLineOfSightTo mtb:HeichalEntrance ; mtb:halacha "5" .
#################################################################
# Service usage: instruments & Levites (הלכה ו)
#################################################################
mtb:Lishkot_UnderIsrael a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "chambers under Ezrat Yisrael (open to Ezrat Nashim)"@en ;
rdfs:label "לשכות תחת עזרת ישראל פתוחות לעזרת נשים"@he ;
mtb:opensTo mtb:EzratNashim ;
skos:note "Storage for kinnorot, nevalim, tziltzal, and all instruments."@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LeviticalChoir a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Levite ;
rdfs:label "Levitical choir (collective)"@en ; rdfs:label "הלויים (מקהלה)"@he ;
mtb:standsOnDuringService mtb:Duchan_Main ; mtb:halacha "6" .
#################################################################
# Sanctity rules for chambers, roofs, tunnels, windows (הלכה ז–ח)
#################################################################
# Chambers built in Kodesh, open to Chol
mtb:Chamber_InKodesh_OpenToChol a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "chamber built in kodesh, open to chol"@en ; rdfs:label "בנויה בקודש ופתוחה לחול"@he ; mtb:halacha "7" .
mtb:Chamber_InKodesh_OpenToChol rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:builtWithin ; owl:hasValue mtb:Azarah ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:opensTo ; owl:hasValue mtb:EzratNashim ] .
# If roof level equals Azarah floor: interior chol, roof kodesh
mtb:Chamber_InKodesh_OpenToChol_Level rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Chamber_InKodesh_OpenToChol ;
rdfs:label "… with roof level equal to Azarah floor"@en ;
mtb:roofLevelAlignedWithAzarah "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
mtb:interiorSanctity mtb:CholLevel ; mtb:roofSanctity mtb:KodeshLevel ; mtb:halacha "7" .
# If not level: even the roofs are chol, since roofs/upper stories not sanctified
mtb:Chamber_InKodesh_OpenToChol_NotLevel rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Chamber_InKodesh_OpenToChol ;
mtb:roofLevelAlignedWithAzarah "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
mtb:interiorSanctity mtb:CholLevel ; mtb:roofSanctity mtb:CholLevel ;
skos:note "Roofs & upper storeys were not consecrated."@en ; mtb:halacha "7" .
# Chambers built in Chol, open to Kodesh
mtb:Chamber_InChol_OpenToKodesh a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "chamber built in chol, open to kodesh"@en ; rdfs:label "בנויה בחול ופתוחה לקודש"@he ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:Chamber_InChol_OpenToKodesh rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:builtWithin ; owl:hasValue mtb:HarHaBayit ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:opensTo ; owl:hasValue mtb:Azarah ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:interiorSanctity ; owl:hasValue mtb:KodeshLevel ],
[ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty mtb:roofSanctity ; owl:hasValue mtb:CholLevel ] ;
skos:note "Interior is kodesh for eating kodeshei kodashim, but not for slaughtering kodshim kalim; one entering there in tum’ah is exempt. Roofs remain chol."@en .
# Tunnels
mtb:Tunnel_OpenToAzarah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Tunnel ;
rdfs:label "tunnel open to the Azarah (kodesh)"@en ; rdfs:label "מחילה פתוחה לעזרה – קודש"@he ;
mtb:opensTo mtb:Azarah ; mtb:halacha "8-9" .
mtb:Tunnel_OpenToMount a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Tunnel ;
rdfs:label "tunnel open to the Temple Mount (chol)"@en ; rdfs:label "מחילה פתוחה להר הבית – חול"@he ;
mtb:opensTo mtb:HarHaBayit ; mtb:halacha "8-9" .
# Windows and wall thickness count as inside (for both eating & tum’ah)
mtb:Window_All a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Window ; mtb:countsAsInteriorFor mtb:EatingKodesheiKodashim , mtb:TumahStatus ; mtb:halacha "8" .
mtb:WallThickness_All a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:WallThickness ; mtb:countsAsInteriorFor mtb:EatingKodesheiKodashim , mtb:TumahStatus ; mtb:halacha "8" .
#################################################################
# Authority & procedure to expand Jerusalem or Azarot (הלכה ט–יג)
#################################################################
mtb:CanExpandSanctity a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "competence to expand Jerusalem/Azarot"@en ; rdfs:label "סמכות להוסיף על ירושלים/עזרות"@he ;
skos:note "Beit Din may extend Azarah boundary into the Mount and Jerusalem’s wall as far as needed—provided all requirements below are met."@en ; mtb:halacha "9-10" .
mtb:RequirementsForExpansion a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "requirements for expansion"@en ; rdfs:label "תנאים להוספה"@he ;
skos:note "Only with a King, a Prophet, the Urim ve‑Tumim, and the Great Sanhedrin (71)."@en ; mtb:halacha "10-11" .
# City expansion ritual (two todot, instruments, psalm, eat/burn)
mtb:CityKedushah_Ritual a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:CityExpansionSanctification ;
mtb:targets mtb:Jerusalem ;
mtb:requiresInstitution [ a mtb:Sanhedrin71 ] ;
mtb:requiresAgent [ a mtb:King ] , [ a mtb:Prophet ] ;
mtb:requiresInstrument [ a mtb:UrimVeTumim ] ;
mtb:performedWith [ a mtb:TodahOffering ] , [ a mtb:ChametzLoaf ] , [ a mtb:Kinnor ] , [ a mtb:Nevel ] , [ a mtb:Tziltzal ] ;
mtb:performedInOrder "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Two todot are brought; Beit Din walks after them, playing instruments and reciting ‘Aromimcha Hashem…’ at every corner and stone, until the new boundary’s end; there one todah loaf is eaten and the other is burned (which one per prophetic instruction)."@en ;
mtb:halacha "11" .
# Azarah expansion ritual (sheyarei minchah)
mtb:AzarahKedushah_Ritual a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:AzarahExpansionSanctification ;
mtb:targets mtb:Azarah ; mtb:requiresInstitution [ a mtb:Sanhedrin71 ] ;
mtb:requiresAgent [ a mtb:King ] , [ a mtb:Prophet ] ;
mtb:requiresInstrument [ a mtb:UrimVeTumim ] ;
mtb:performedWith [ a mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "sheyarei minchah"@he ] ;
skos:note "Like Jerusalem’s todah, the Azarah is sanctified with minchah remainders (edible only in the Azarah), eaten at the new boundary’s end."@en ;
mtb:halacha "12" .
# Validity condition: if the full order is not done, no complete sanctification
mtb:InvalidExpansionIfOutOfOrder a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "invalid if any element missing/out of order"@en ; rdfs:label "פסול אם חסר או לא כסדר"@he ; mtb:halacha "13" .
# Ezra’s memorial act & the enduring kedushah from Solomon
mtb:Ezra_MemorialTwoTodot a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "Ezra’s two‑todot were memorial only"@en ; rdfs:label "שתי תודות של עזרא – זכר"@he ;
skos:note "At Ezra’s time there was no King and no Urim ve‑Tumim; the place was not sanctified through his act."@en ; mtb:halacha "13" .
mtb:KedushahRishonah mtb:appliesTo mtb:Azarah , mtb:Jerusalem ;
mtb:mode mtb:ByShekhinah ; mtb:persists "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Solomon’s initial sanctification consecrated the Azarah & Jerusalem for its time and for the future."@en ; mtb:halacha "13-15" .
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# Practical outcomes of enduring kedushah (הלכה יד–טו)
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mtb:Azarah mtb:sacrificesPermittedWithoutBuilding "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
mtb:eatKodesheiKodashimHere "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Offerings may be brought even without a built House; kodeshei kodashim eaten anywhere in the Azarah even if in ruins and without a wall."@en ; mtb:halacha "14" .
mtb:Jerusalem mtb:eatKodshimKalimAndMaaserHere "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Kodshim kalim and ma‘aser sheni are eaten anywhere in Jerusalem even if without a wall."@en ; mtb:halacha "14" .
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# Kedushah vs. agricultural obligations (הלכה טז)
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# Distinguish Shekhinah‑based permanence vs. conquest vs. ḥazakah
mtb:KedushahRishonah skos:note "Temple/Jerusalem kedushah is due to Shekhinah; Shekhinah does not lapse. ‘Even when desolate, they retain kedushah.’"@en ; mtb:halacha "15" .
mtb:Kedushah_Conquest a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:KedushahAct ;
rdfs:label "conquest‑based sanctification of the land"@en ; rdfs:label "קדושת הארץ בכיבוש"@he ;
mtb:mode mtb:ByConquest ; mtb:persists "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Agricultural obligations (shevi‘it/ma‘asrot) depend on conquest; when conquest is lost, the obligation lapses from the Torah."@en ; mtb:halacha "16" .
mtb:KedushahShniyah mtb:mode mtb:ByHazakah ; mtb:persists "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Ezra’s second sanctification (by ḥazakah) endures; places held by the returnees remain obligated in shevi‘it/ma‘asrot even if later seized."@en ; mtb:halacha "16" .
@prefix mtb: <https://purl.org/mt/beit-habechira#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
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# Ontology header (Chapter 7 module)
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mtb:ch7 a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Mishneh Torah – Hilkhot Beit Ha-Bechira ch. 7 (OWL extension)"@en ;
dcterms:source "User-supplied text: Mishneh Torah, Sefer Avodah, Beit HaBechira ch.7 (mechon-mamre.org)"@en ;
dcterms:created "2025-08-22"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:language "he" ;
dcterms:creator "Automated extraction based on provided text"@en .
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# Core classes & properties for etiquette / prohibitions
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mtb:BehaviorRule a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "behavior rule"@en ; rdfs:label "הלכות מורא מקדש"@he .
mtb:Prohibition a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:BehaviorRule ; rdfs:label "prohibition"@en ; rdfs:label "איסור"@he .
mtb:Requirement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:BehaviorRule ; rdfs:label "requirement"@en ; rdfs:label "חובה"@he .
mtb:appliesIn a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:BehaviorRule ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:appliesToPerson a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:BehaviorRule ; rdfs:range mtb:Person .
mtb:forbidsItem a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Prohibition ; rdfs:range mtb:Artifact .
mtb:forbidsAction a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:string .
mtb:exceptionFor a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:BehaviorRule ; rdfs:range mtb:Person .
mtb:hasLiturgicalFormula a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:string .
# People / statuses referenced
mtb:Avel a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ; rdfs:label "mourner (avel)"@en ; rdfs:label "אבל"@he .
mtb:Menudeh a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ; rdfs:label "excommunicated (menudeh)"@en ; rdfs:label "מנודה"@he .
mtb:DavidicKing a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:King ; rdfs:label "king of the House of David"@en ; rdfs:label "מלכי בית דוד"@he .
# Artifacts mentioned in etiquette
mtb:Staff a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "staff"@en ; rdfs:label "מקל"@he .
mtb:Shoe a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "shoe/sandal"@en ; rdfs:label "מנעל"@he .
mtb:Belt a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "money-belt/apron"@en ; rdfs:label "אפונדת"@he .
mtb:CoinsBundle a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "bundled coins"@en ; rdfs:label "מעות צרורות"@he .
# Movement conventions
mtb:TrafficPattern a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "traffic pattern"@en ; rdfs:label "סדר הליכה"@he .
mtb:entersRightExitsLeft a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:TrafficPattern ;
rdfs:label "enter right, circle, exit left"@en ; rdfs:label "נכנס בימין ויוצא בשמאל"@he .
mtb:ExitPosture a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "exit posture"@en ; rdfs:label "אופן היציאה"@he .
mtb:BackstepExit a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:ExitPosture ;
rdfs:label "backstepping / sideways exit"@en ; rdfs:label "נפנה לאחוריו במעט"@he .
# Places used here
mtb:Tzofim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "Tzofim overlook zone"@en ; rdfs:label "הצופים"@he ; mtb:halacha "7-8" .
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# Reverence & etiquette (הלכה א–ד, ו–ח, ט)
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# Positive command of reverence
mtb:MoraMikdash a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Requirement ;
rdfs:label "mitzvah: fear/reverence of the Sanctuary"@en ; rdfs:label "מצות מורא מקדש"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:HarHaBayit , mtb:Azarah , mtb:HolyPlace ;
skos:note "Reverence is toward the One who commanded it; behaviors below express that reverence."@en ; mtb:halacha "1,3-4,6" .
# No staff/shoes/belt/dust/coin-bundles; no spitting (absorb it)
mtb:NoMundaneBearing a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Prohibition ;
rdfs:label "no staff/shoes/belt/dust/coin-bundles on Har HaBayit"@en ;
rdfs:label "אין נכנס במקלו… מנעל… אפונדת… אבק… מעות צרורות"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:HarHaBayit ; mtb:forbidsItem mtb:Staff , mtb:Shoe , mtb:Belt , mtb:CoinsBundle ;
mtb:forbidsAction "do not spit; if saliva occurs, absorb in garment" ; mtb:halacha "1" .
# Do not use the Mount as a shortcut; enter only for a mitzvah
mtb:NoShortcuts a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Prohibition ;
rdfs:label "do not cut through the Mount"@en ; rdfs:label "לא לעשות הר הבית קפנדריא"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:HarHaBayit ; mtb:forbidsAction "no traverse from one gate to the opposite to shorten way; enter only for a mitzvah purpose" ;
mtb:halacha "2" .
# Circulation pattern with consolations/reproofs
mtb:Circulation a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Requirement ;
rdfs:label "circulate right→left; exception for one with misfortune"@en ;
rdfs:label "דרך ימין ויציאה בשמאל; אבל ומנודה מקיפים לשמאל"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:HarHaBayit ; mtb:halacha "2" ;
skos:note "Those with misfortune go left; attendants say formulas of comfort/reproof invoking ‘He who dwells in this House.’"@en ;
mtb:hasLiturgicalFormula "השוכן בבית הזה ינחמך" , "…ייתן בליבך ותשמע לדברי חבריך ויקרבוך" .
# Exit posture from the Azarah & platforms
mtb:ExitBackstepping a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Requirement ;
rdfs:label "priests/Levites exit by backstepping/sideways"@en ;
rdfs:label "יציאה לאחור כדרך הפוסע לאחר התפילה"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:Azarah ; mtb:halacha "3" .
# Do not treat lightly facing the East Gate (Nikanor), aligned to the Holy of Holies
mtb:NoLevityTowardEastGate a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Prohibition ;
rdfs:label "no levity opposite the Eastern Gate (Nikanor)"@en ;
rdfs:label "לא יקל כנגד שער המזרח – שער ניקנור"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:Azarah ; skos:note "Because it is aligned with the Holy of Holies."@en ; mtb:halacha "4" .
# Sitting prohibition; exception for Davidic kings; Sanhedrin sat only in chol half
mtb:NoSittingInAzarah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Prohibition ;
rdfs:label "no sitting anywhere in the Azarah (except Davidic kings)"@en ;
rdfs:label "אין ישיבה בעזרה אלא למלכי בית דוד"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:Azarah ; mtb:exceptionFor mtb:DavidicKing ; mtb:halacha "6" ;
skos:note "Sanhedrin sat in Lishkat ha‑Gazit only on its chol side."@en .
# Reverence applies even in destruction
mtb:EnduringMora a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Requirement ;
rdfs:label "reverence applies forever, even when desolate"@en ;
rdfs:label "מורא מקדש לעולם – אף כשהוא חרב"@he ;
skos:note "Enter only where permitted; do not sit in the Azarah; no levity toward East Gate."@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
# From Tzofim inward: no levity in sight of the Mikdash when visible & unobstructed
mtb:NoLevityFromTzofim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Prohibition ;
rdfs:label "no levity from Tzofim inward when the Temple is in view"@en ;
rdfs:label "אסור להקל ראש מן הצופים ולפנים כשרואה את המקדש"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:Tzofim ; mtb:halacha "7" .
# Orientation for relieving/sleeping because the Heichal is in the west
mtb:OrientationEtiquette a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Prohibition ;
rdfs:label "do not relieve/sleep E↔W; prefer N↔S"@en ; rdfs:label "אין נפנין/ישנים מזרח–מערב"@he ;
mtb:forbidsAction "avoid E↔W orientation; urinating within Tzofim: sit facing the Temple or turn it aside" ; mtb:halacha "8" .
# Replicas of sacred forms
mtb:ReplicaProhibitions a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Prohibition ;
rdfs:label "no replicas of Heichal/Ulam/Azarah/Shulchan; Menorah only if 5 or 8 branches or not metal"@en ;
rdfs:label "אין עושים תבנית היכל/אולם/עזרה/שולחן; מנורה רק ה׳/ח׳ קנים או שאינה מתכת"@he ;
mtb:forbidsAction "no Menorah of 7 branches in metal" ; mtb:halacha "9" .
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# Camps mapping (הלכה י–יא)
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mtb:Camp a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "camp"@en ; rdfs:label "מחנה"@he .
mtb:MachaneYisrael a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Camp ; rdfs:label "Machane Yisrael"@en ; rdfs:label "מחנה ישראל"@he .
mtb:MachaneLeviya a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Camp ; rdfs:label "Machane Leviya"@en ; rdfs:label "מחנה לוייה"@he .
mtb:MachaneShekhinah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Camp ; rdfs:label "Machane Shekhinah"@en ; rdfs:label "מחנה שכינה"@he .
# Generational mapping
mtb:Jerusalem mtb:hasCamp mtb:MachaneYisrael ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:HarHaBayit mtb:hasCamp mtb:MachaneLeviya ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:Azarah mtb:hasCamp mtb:MachaneShekhinah ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:Cheil_Berm skos:note "Cheil and Ezrat Nashim have an added degree beyond the camp mapping."@en ; mtb:halacha "11" .
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# Eretz Yisrael base kedushah & offerings (הלכה יב)
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mtb:EretzYisrael a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "Land of Israel"@en ; rdfs:label "ארץ ישראל"@he ; mtb:halacha "12" .
mtb:Omer a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "Omer offering"@en ; rdfs:label "העומר"@he .
mtb:ShteiLechem a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "Two loaves"@en ; rdfs:label "שתי הלחם"@he .
mtb:Bikkurim a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "First fruits"@en ; rdfs:label "ביכורים"@he .
mtb:EretzYisrael skos:note "Distinguished from other lands: Omer, Shtei ha-Lechem, and Bikkurim are brought from it."@en ; mtb:halacha "12" .
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# Ten ascending sanctities and their rules (הלכה יג–כב)
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# Helper: statuses / liabilities / entry purposes
mtb:Impurity a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "impurity status"@en ; rdfs:label "דרגת טומאה"@he .
mtb:Zav a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Impurity ; rdfs:label "zav"@en ; rdfs:label "זב"@he .
mtb:Zavah a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Impurity ; rdfs:label "zavah"@en ; rdfs:label "זבה"@he .
mtb:Niddah a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Impurity ; rdfs:label "niddah"@en ; rdfs:label "נידה"@he .
mtb:Yoledet a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Impurity ; rdfs:label "yoledet"@en ; rdfs:label "יולדת"@he .
mtb:TameiMet a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Impurity ; rdfs:label "corpse‑impure"@en ; rdfs:label "טמא מת"@he .
mtb:BaalNiddah a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Impurity ; rdfs:label "one who had relations with a niddah"@en ; rdfs:label "בועל נידה"@he .
mtb:TvulYom a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Impurity ; rdfs:label "immersed that day (tvul yom)"@en ; rdfs:label "טבול יום"@he .
mtb:MechusarKippurim a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Impurity ; rdfs:label "awaiting offerings"@en ; rdfs:label "מחוסר כיפורים"@he .
mtb:BaalMum a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ; rdfs:label "blemished priest"@en ; rdfs:label "בעל מום"@he .
mtb:ParuaRosh a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ; rdfs:label "disheveled hair"@en ; rdfs:label "פרועי ראש"@he .
mtb:KruaiBegadim a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ; rdfs:label "torn garments"@en ; rdfs:label "קרועי בגדים"@he .
mtb:EntryLiability a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "entry liability"@en ; rdfs:label "חבות בכניסה"@he .
mtb:Karet a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:EntryLiability ; rdfs:label "karet"@en ; rdfs:label "כרת"@he .
mtb:Chatat a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:EntryLiability ; rdfs:label "chatat"@en ; rdfs:label "חטאת"@he .
mtb:Petur a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:EntryLiability ; rdfs:label "exempt"@en ; rdfs:label "פטור"@he .
mtb:EntryPermission a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "entry permission"@en ; rdfs:label "היתר כניסה"@he .
mtb:permitsEntryOf a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Place ; rdfs:range mtb:Impurity .
mtb:forbidsEntryOf a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Place ; rdfs:range mtb:Impurity .
mtb:entryLiability a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Place ; rdfs:range mtb:EntryLiability .
mtb:allowedPurpose a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:string .
mtb:onlyAfter a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:string .
# 1) Walled cities (over other E.Y. towns)
mtb:WalledCity a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "walled city in Eretz Yisrael"@en ; rdfs:label "עיר מוקפת חומה"@he ; mtb:halacha "13-14" .
mtb:WalledCity skos:note "Expel metzora’im; burials forbidden unless approved by seven town elders or all residents; once removed outside, not returned. Graves encompassed by the city may be moved depending on distance thresholds."@en .
# 2) Jerusalem (over other walled cities)
mtb:Jerusalem skos:note "Eat kodshim kalim & ma‘aser sheni within its wall; extensive civic prohibitions listed below; not apportioned to tribes, hence several laws (no ‘battei arei chomah’, no nig‘ei batim, etc.)."@en ; mtb:halacha "15" .
# Civic prohibitions for Jerusalem
mtb:Jerusalem_Prohibitions a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Prohibition ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:Jerusalem ;
mtb:forbidsAction "do not keep a corpse overnight; do not pass human bones through; do not rent out residences; no ger toshav quarters; no cemeteries (except Davidic tombs & Hulda’s); no gardens/orchards; no sowing/ploughing; no refuse heaps; no protruding ledges/balconies over public domain (lest form an ohel for tum’ah); no kilns (smoke); no raising chickens (due to kodashim); priests may not raise chickens anywhere in E.Y. (taharot); houses not subject to ‘chalat’ nor to nig‘ei batim; not an ‘ir hanidachat’; no eglah arufah." ;
mtb:halacha "15" .
# 3) Har HaBayit (over Jerusalem)
mtb:HarHaBayit mtb:forbidsEntryOf mtb:Zav , mtb:Zavah , mtb:Niddah , mtb:Yoledet ;
mtb:permitsEntryOf mtb:TameiMet ;
skos:note "The corpse itself may be brought onto the Mount; all the more so a person impure through a corpse is permitted."@en ; mtb:halacha "16" .
# 4) Cheil (over the Mount)
mtb:Cheil_Berm mtb:forbidsEntryOf mtb:TameiMet , mtb:BaalNiddah ;
skos:note "Also forbids entry of non‑Jews (גויים)."@en ; mtb:halacha "17" .
# 5) Ezrat Nashim (over Cheil) — tvul yom derabbanan; no chatat on entry
mtb:EzratNashim mtb:forbidsEntryOf mtb:TvulYom ;
skos:note "Tvul yom barred mid’rabbanan (Torah permits to Machane Leviya). Tamei entering here is not liable to a chatat."@en ; mtb:halacha "17" .
mtb:EzratNashim mtb:entryLiability mtb:Petur .
# 6) Ezrat Yisrael (over Ezrat Nashim) — no mechusar kippurim; tamei incurs karet
mtb:Azarah mtb:forbidsEntryOf mtb:MechusarKippurim ;
mtb:entryLiability mtb:Karet ;
skos:note "A tamei who enters the Azarah is liable to karet."@en ; mtb:halacha "18" .
# 7) Ezrat Kohanim (over Ezrat Yisrael) — Israel enter only for specific needs
mtb:AzaratKohanim a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "Ezrat Kohanim"@en ; rdfs:label "עזרת הכוהנים"@he ; mtb:halacha "19" .
mtb:AzaratKohanim skos:note "Israelites may enter only for semikhah, shechitah, or tenufah."@en ; mtb:halacha "19" .
# 8) Between Ulam and Mizbeach (over Ezrat Kohanim) — exclude blemished / disheveled / torn
mtb:BetweenUlamVeMizbeach a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "Between the Ulam and the Altar"@en ; rdfs:label "בין האולם ולמזבח"@he ; mtb:halacha "20" .
mtb:BetweenUlamVeMizbeach mtb:forbidsEntryOf mtb:BaalMum , mtb:ParuaRosh , mtb:KruaiBegadim .
# 9) Heichal (over B.U.L.) — enter only after washing hands/feet
mtb:HolyPlace mtb:onlyAfter "netilat yadayim ve‑raglayim" ; mtb:halacha "21" .
# 10) Kodesh ha‑Kodashim (over Heichal) — only Kohen Gadol on Yom Kippur during avodah
mtb:HolyOfHolies mtb:allowedPurpose "Kohen Gadol on Yom Kippur, during service only" ; mtb:halacha "22" .
# Upper storey area aligned over the Holy of Holies – weekly inspection only
mtb:UpperOverHoH a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "upper storey over the Holy of Holies (alignment zone)"@en ;
rdfs:label "עלייה מכוונת על קודש הקודשים"@he ;
skos:note "Entered once weekly to inspect what requires repair."@en ; mtb:halacha "23" .
#################################################################
# Maintenance access order & method (הלכה כא–כב)
#################################################################
mtb:HeichalMaintenance a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Requirement ;
rdfs:label "order of personnel for Heichal entry (repair/impurity removal)"@en ;
rdfs:label "סדר כניסה לתיקון/הוצאת טומאה"@he ;
skos:note "Prefer unblemished kohanim; else blemished kohanim; else Levites; else Israelites. Prefer tehorim; else temei’im. Between a tamei and a ba’al‑mum, choose the tamei (tum’ah is overridden for the community)."@en ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:HolyPlace ; mtb:halacha "21" .
mtb:EnterInBoxes a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Requirement ;
rdfs:label "enter in boxes; if impossible, use the doorways"@en ;
rdfs:label "יכנסו בתיבות; ואם לא – דרך פתחים"@he ;
mtb:appliesIn mtb:HolyPlace ; mtb:halacha "22" .
@prefix mtb: <https://purl.org/mt/beit-habechira#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
#################################################################
# Ontology header (Chapter 8 module)
#################################################################
mtb:ch8 a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Mishneh Torah – Hilkhot Beit Ha-Bechira ch. 8 (OWL extension)"@en ;
dcterms:source "User-supplied text: Mishneh Torah, Sefer Avodah, Beit HaBechira ch.8 (mechon-mamre.org)"@en ;
dcterms:created "2025-08-22"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:language "he" ;
dcterms:creator "Automated extraction based on provided text"@en .
#################################################################
# Core classes & properties for guarding
#################################################################
mtb:GuardingMitzvah a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "mitzvah of guarding"@en ; rdfs:label "מצות שמירת המקדש"@he .
mtb:GuardPost a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "guard post"@en ; rdfs:label "מקום שמירה"@he .
mtb:GuardUnit a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "guard unit"@en ; rdfs:label "עדת שמירה"@he .
mtb:KohenGuard a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:GuardUnit ; rdfs:label "priestly guard"@en ; rdfs:label "שמירת כוהנים"@he .
mtb:LeviGuard a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:GuardUnit ; rdfs:label "Levitical guard"@en ; rdfs:label "שמירת לויים"@he .
mtb:guardsAt a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:GuardUnit ; rdfs:range mtb:GuardPost .
mtb:postCount a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ; rdfs:label "number of posts"@en ; rdfs:label "מספר מקומות"@he .
mtb:nightOnly a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:label "performed at night"@en ; rdfs:label "שמירה בלילה"@he .
mtb:forHonor a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:label "for honor (not for fear)"@en ; rdfs:label "לכבוד"@he .
mtb:neglectIsProhibited a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:label "neglect is a prohibition"@en ; rdfs:label "ביטולה בלא תעשה"@he .
# Supervisors, artifacts & actions
mtb:IshHaHarHaBayit a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "superintendent of the Temple Mount"@en ; rdfs:label "איש הר הבית"@he .
mtb:MemunehShelMikdash a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "Temple superintendent (Memuneh)"@en ; rdfs:label "הממונה של מקדש"@he .
mtb:Torch a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "torch (avukah)"@en ; rdfs:label "אבוקה"@he .
mtb:Key a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf mtb:Artifact ; rdfs:label "key"@en ; rdfs:label "מפתח"@he .
mtb:opens a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Person ; rdfs:range mtb:Gate .
mtb:hasKey a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Person ; rdfs:range mtb:Key .
mtb:inspectsWith a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Person ; rdfs:range mtb:Artifact .
mtb:patrols a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain mtb:Person ; rdfs:range mtb:Place .
mtb:greetsWith a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:label "greeting phrase"@en ; rdfs:label "נוסח שלום"@he .
mtb:disciplinaryPowers a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:label "disciplinary powers"@en ; rdfs:label "סמכויות משמעת"@he .
# Status & hygiene events
mtb:KeriEvent a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "seminal emission (keri)"@en ; rdfs:label "קרי"@he .
mtb:requiresImmersion a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
mtb:returnsToSitUntilDawn a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean .
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# Named places & gates used here (additions)
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mtb:BeitAvtinas a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Beit Avtinas (upper storey by an Azarah gate)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית אבטינס (עלייה בצד שער העזרה)"@he ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:BeitHaNitzotz a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Structure ;
rdfs:label "Beit ha‑Nitzotz (upper storey by an Azarah gate)"@en ; rdfs:label "בית הניצוץ (עלייה בצד שער העזרה)"@he ; mtb:halacha "4" .
# Two Azarah gates named explicitly here (for priestly posts)
mtb:Gate_Moked a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Shaʿar ha‑Moked"@en ; rdfs:label "שער המוקד"@he ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:Gate_Nitzotz a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "Shaʿar ha‑Nitzotz"@en ; rdfs:label "שער הניצוץ"@he ; mtb:halacha "6" .
# Small gate between Beit ha‑Moked and the Azarah
mtb:Gate_Small_MokedToAzarah a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Gate ;
rdfs:label "small gate: Beit ha‑Moked ↔ Azarah"@en ; rdfs:label "שער קטן – בין בית המוקד לעזרה"@he ; mtb:halacha "11" .
# Levite-guarded chambers mentioned here
mtb:LishkatHaKorban a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "Lishkat ha‑Korban"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת הקרבן"@he ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:LishkatHaParokhet a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Chamber ;
rdfs:label "Lishkat ha‑Parokhet"@en ; rdfs:label "לשכת הפרוכת"@he ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:BehindBeitHaKaporet a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "behind the ‘House of the Kaporet’ (west of the Sanctuary)"@en ;
rdfs:label "אחורי בית הכפורת"@he ; mtb:halacha "9" .
#################################################################
# The mitzvah and its legal polarity (עשה / לאו) (הלכה א–ב)
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mtb:GuardingTheTemple a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardingMitzvah ;
rdfs:label "guarding the Temple (for honor)"@en ; rdfs:label "שמירת המקדש – לכבוד"@he ;
mtb:nightOnly "true"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:forHonor "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Guarding applies even absent fear of enemies/robbers; it is for the Temple’s honor."@en ; mtb:halacha "1" .
mtb:GuardingTheTemple mtb:neglectIsProhibited "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Neglecting the watch violates a prohibitive warning (‘u‑shemartem et mishmeret ha‑kodesh’)."@en ; mtb:halacha "2" .
#################################################################
# Rota size & distribution (הלכה ג)
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mtb:NightlyGuardRota a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "nightly rota (24 posts: 3 kohanim, 21 levi’im)"@en ;
rdfs:label "סדר השמירה הלילי (כ״ד מקומות: ג׳ כוהנים, כ״א לויים)"@he ;
mtb:postCount "24"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:halacha "3" .
mtb:PriestlyPosts a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:KohenGuard ; mtb:postCount "3"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:halacha "3" .
mtb:LeviticalPosts a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:LeviGuard ; mtb:postCount "21"^^xsd:integer ; mtb:halacha "3" .
#################################################################
# Priest guard posts & practices (הלכה ד–ה)
#################################################################
# Posts
mtb:Post_BeitAvtinas a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:BeitAvtinas ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:Post_BeitHaNitzotz a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:BeitHaNitzotz ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:Post_BeitHaMoked a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:BeitHaMoked_Main ; mtb:halacha "4" .
mtb:PriestlyPosts mtb:guardsAt mtb:Post_BeitAvtinas , mtb:Post_BeitHaNitzotz , mtb:Post_BeitHaMoked .
# Elders of the Beit‑Av sleep there; keys in their custody
mtb:Elders_BeitAv a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Person ;
rdfs:label "elders of the Beit‑Av on duty"@en ; rdfs:label "זקני בית אב"@he ; mtb:hasKey [ a mtb:Key ] ; mtb:halacha "4" .
# Sleeping protocol & keri handling
mtb:PriestlySleepingRule a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:BehaviorRule ;
rdfs:label "priests do not sleep in priestly garments; sleep on ground in their own clothes"@en ;
rdfs:label "אין ישנים בבגדי כהונה; ישנים על הארץ בבגדיהם"@he ; mtb:halacha "5" .
mtb:KeriProcedure a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "keri: descend via underground ramp → immerse → return & sit until gates open"@en ;
rdfs:label "קרי: יורד במסיבה שתחת הקרקע לטבול וחוזר עד פתיחת השערים"@he ;
mtb:requiresImmersion "true"^^xsd:boolean ; mtb:returnsToSitUntilDawn "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
skos:note "Tunnels open to the Temple Mount were not sanctified."@en ; mtb:halacha "5" .
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# Levite guard posts: enumeration (הלכה ו–ט)
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# 18 perimeter/portal positions
mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_W a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:TMountGate_W ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_E a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:TMountGate_E ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_N a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:TMountGate_N ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_S1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:TMountGate_S1 ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_S2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:TMountGate_S2 ; mtb:halacha "6" .
# Four inner corners of the Mount
mtb:LevitePost_TMount_NEcorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:HarHaBayit ; skos:note "inner NE corner"@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_TMount_NWcorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:HarHaBayit ; skos:note "inner NW corner"@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_TMount_SEcorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:HarHaBayit ; skos:note "inner SE corner"@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_TMount_SWcorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:HarHaBayit ; skos:note "inner SW corner"@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
# Four outer corners of the Azarah
mtb:LevitePost_Azarah_NEcorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:Azarah ; skos:note "outer NE corner (from outside)"@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_Azarah_NWcorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:Azarah ; skos:note "outer NW corner (from outside)"@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_Azarah_SEcorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:Azarah ; skos:note "outer SE corner (from outside)"@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_Azarah_SWcorner a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:Azarah ; skos:note "outer SW corner (from outside)"@en ; mtb:halacha "6" .
# Five Azarah gates guarded from outside (kohanim cover Moked & Nitzotz)
mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_1 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:Gate_Nikanor ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_2 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_3 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_4 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:halacha "6" .
mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_5 a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:halacha "6" .
# +3 interior posts
mtb:LevitePost_LishkatHaKorban a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:LishkatHaKorban ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:LevitePost_LishkatHaParokhet a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:LishkatHaParokhet ; mtb:halacha "9" .
mtb:LevitePost_BehindKaporet a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardPost ; mtb:locatedIn mtb:BehindBeitHaKaporet ; mtb:halacha "9" .
# Bind the 21 Levitical posts (18 perimeter+gates + 3 chambers)
mtb:LeviticalPosts mtb:guardsAt
mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_W , mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_E , mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_N , mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_S1 , mtb:LevitePost_TMountGate_S2 ,
mtb:LevitePost_TMount_NEcorner , mtb:LevitePost_TMount_NWcorner , mtb:LevitePost_TMount_SEcorner , mtb:LevitePost_TMount_SWcorner ,
mtb:LevitePost_Azarah_NEcorner , mtb:LevitePost_Azarah_NWcorner , mtb:LevitePost_Azarah_SEcorner , mtb:LevitePost_Azarah_SWcorner ,
mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_1 , mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_2 , mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_3 , mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_4 , mtb:LevitePost_AzarahGate_5 ,
mtb:LevitePost_LishkatHaKorban , mtb:LevitePost_LishkatHaParokhet , mtb:LevitePost_BehindKaporet .
#################################################################
# Supervision & discipline (הלכה י)
#################################################################
mtb:IshHaHarHaBayit_Officer a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:IshHaHarHaBayit ;
rdfs:label "the Mount superintendent on patrol"@en ; rdfs:label "איש הר הבית בסיור"@he ;
mtb:inspectsWith [ a mtb:Torch ] ; mtb:patrols mtb:HarHaBayit , mtb:Azarah ;
mtb:greetsWith "שלום עליך" ;
mtb:disciplinaryPowers "strike a sleeping guard with his staff; permitted to burn the guard’s garment" ;
skos:note "Jerusalem saying: ‘What sound in the Azarah? A Levite is being struck and his clothes burned for sleeping on watch.’"@en ;
mtb:halacha "10" .
#################################################################
# Pre‑dawn opening & inspection procedure (הלכה יא–יב)
#################################################################
mtb:Memuneh_OnDuty a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:MemunehShelMikdash ;
rdfs:label "Memuneh before dawn"@en ; rdfs:label "הממונה בקרוב לעמוד השחר"@he ;
mtb:hasKey [ a mtb:Key ] ; mtb:opens mtb:Gate_Small_MokedToAzarah ;
mtb:inspectsWith [ a mtb:Torch ] ; mtb:patrols mtb:Azarah ; mtb:halacha "11-12" .
# Two inspection teams and rendezvous
mtb:InspectionTeam_East a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardUnit ;
rdfs:label "inspection team – eastward route"@en ; rdfs:label "כיתה מזרחה"@he ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:InspectionTeam_West a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:GuardUnit ;
rdfs:label "inspection team – westward route"@en ; rdfs:label "כיתה מערבה"@he ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:Rendezvous_OsaiChavitin a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Place ;
rdfs:label "rendezvous: Beit Osai Chavitin"@en ; rdfs:label "בית עושי חביתין"@he ;
owl:sameAs mtb:LishkatOsaiChavitin ; mtb:halacha "11" .
mtb:InspectionProtocol a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "divide with two torches; sweep Azarah; meet at Osai Chavitin; exchange ‘Shalom, hakol shalom’; begin chavitin"@en ;
rdfs:label "שתי אבוקות; בדיקה סביב; מפגש בבית עושי חביתין; ‘שלום, הכול שלום’; מתחילים בחביתין"@he ;
mtb:halacha "11" .
# Shabbat-night variant (no carried torches)
mtb:ShabbatNightVariant a owl:NamedIndividual , mtb:Entity ;
rdfs:label "Shabbat-night: inspect by lamps lit from Erev Shabbat (no torches in hand)"@en ;
rdfs:label "לילי שבת: בודקין בנרות שהודלקו מע״ש"@he ; mtb:halacha "12" .
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