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Last active April 13, 2023 20:56
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How to animate plots in Python using Matplotlib.
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animate.py
def animate(i):
# update axis view angle
ax.view_init(vertical_rotation_angles[i], horizontal_rotation_angles[i])
# update trajectory for current time step with x, y data
trajectory.set_data(state_history[:i, 0], state_history[:i, 1])\
# update z-dimension data
trajectory.set_3d_properties(state_history[:i, 2])
# return trajectory, _
return trajectory,
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axis_limits.py
# determine axis limits using min and max values from corresponding dimension
# x-axis limit
ax.set_xlim3d(min(state_history[:, 0]) - 0.05, max(state_history[:, 0]) + 0.05)
# y-axis limit
ax.set_ylim3d(min(state_history[:, 1]) - 0.05, max(state_history[:, 1]) + 0.05)
# z-axis limit
ax.set_zlim3d(min(state_history[:, 2]) - 0.05, max(state_history[:, 2]) + 0.05)
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import_libraries.py
# used only to get current working directory
import os
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as anim
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init_figure.py
# change plot background to dark
plt.style.use('dark_background')
# create figure
fig = plt.figure() # figsize=(10, 8)
# data is 3-d so set projection property
ax = plt.axes(projection='3d')
# set title
ax.set(xlabel='X', ylabel='Y', zlabel='Z', title='The Lorenz Equations\n"Lorenz Attractor Simulation"')
# set background pane colours (RGBA values)
ax.w_xaxis.set_pane_color((0.25, 0.25, 0.2, 0.4))
ax.w_yaxis.set_pane_color((0.25, 0.25, 0.2, 0.4))
ax.w_zaxis.set_pane_color((0.25, 0.25, 0.2, 0.4))
# enable grid
ax.grid()
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init_rotate_axis.py
# rotate matplotlib axes vertically from zero to 30 degrees
vertical_rotation_angles = np.linspace(0, 30, len(state_history[:, 0]))
# rotate axes horizontally 360 degrees
horizontal_rotation_angles = np.linspace(0, 360, len(state_history[:, 0]))
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init_trajectory.py
# trajectory data to plot
trajectory = ax.plot([], [], [])
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load_data.py
# load pre-calculated lorenz attractor
state_history = np.loadtxt(f'{os.getcwd()}/lorenz_state_history.txt', dtype=np.float)
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plot_animation.py
# used only to get current working directory
import os
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as anim
# load pre-calculated lorenz attractor
state_history = np.loadtxt(f'{os.getcwd()}/lorenz_state_history.txt', dtype=float)
# change plot background to dark
plt.style.use('dark_background')
# create figure
fig = plt.figure() # figsize=(10, 8)
# data is 3-d so set projection property
ax = plt.axes(projection='3d')
# set title
ax.set(xlabel='X', ylabel='Y', zlabel='Z', title='The Lorenz Equations\n"Lorenz Attractor Simulation"')
# set background pane colours (RGBA values)
ax.w_xaxis.set_pane_color((0.25, 0.25, 0.2, 0.4))
ax.w_yaxis.set_pane_color((0.25, 0.25, 0.2, 0.4))
ax.w_zaxis.set_pane_color((0.25, 0.25, 0.2, 0.4))
# enable grid
ax.grid()
# determine axis limits using min and max values from corresponding dimension
ax.set_xlim3d(min(state_history[:, 0]) - 0.05, max(state_history[:, 0]) + 0.05)
ax.set_ylim3d(min(state_history[:, 1]) - 0.05, max(state_history[:, 1]) + 0.05)
ax.set_zlim3d(min(state_history[:, 2]) - 0.05, max(state_history[:, 2]) + 0.05)
# trajectory data to plot
trajectory, = ax.plot([], [], [])
# rotate matplotlib axes from 30 to 360
vertical_rotation_angles = np.linspace(0, 30, len(state_history[:, 0]))
horizontal_rotation_angles = np.linspace(0, 360, len(state_history[:, 0]))
def animate(i):
# update axis view angle
ax.view_init(vertical_rotation_angles[i], horizontal_rotation_angles[i])
# update trajectory for current time step
trajectory.set_data(state_history[:i, 0], state_history[:i, 1])
trajectory.set_3d_properties(state_history[:i, 2])
return trajectory,
# show animation
animation = anim.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames=len(state_history[:, 0]))
plt.show()
# save animation as gif
os.makedirs('./animations', exist_ok=True)
writer = anim.PillowWriter(fps=120)
animation.save('./animations/lorenz_attractor.gif', writer=writer)
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save_animation.py
# save animation as gif
os.makedirs('./animations', exist_ok=True)
# multiple writers are available - PillowWriter is already installed
writer = anim.PillowWriter(fps=120)
animation.save('./animations/lorenz_attractor.gif', writer=writer)
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show_plot.py
# show animation
animation = anim.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames=len(state_history[:, 0]))
plt.show()
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