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AOT-5221ZY Backup Analysis
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AOT-5221ZY_Backup_analysis.md

Zyxel Router Configuration Analysis Guide

Overview

  • Router Model: Zyxel (ISP-branded variants)
  • Configuration Format: TR-069 InternetGatewayDevice XML schema
  • Typical Parameter Count: 4,000+ configurable settings

Key Modifiable Settings by Category

1. LOGIN & AUTHENTICATION

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_Ext/LoginPrivilegeMgmt/i1/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
UserName admin string (max 32 chars) Router admin username
Password ************ string (max 64 chars) Plaintext password - can be changed
UserLevel 1 uint8 (0-2) Privilege level (1=admin)
Enable 1 boolean Account enabled status
Privilege FFF FFF FFF... string Permission flags

2. WIRELESS (WiFi) CONFIGURATION

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/LANDevice/i1/WLANConfiguration/i1/

Basic WiFi Settings

Setting Example Value Type Constraints
SSID MyNetwork string max 32 chars
BeaconType WPAand11i string WPA/WPA2/WPA3 options
WPAEncryptionModes AESEncryption string Encryption type
IEEE11iEncryptionModes AESEncryption string WPA2 encryption
Standard ax string WiFi standard (a/b/g/n/ac/ax)
Channel 6 uint8 1-13 (2.4GHz), 36-165 (5GHz)
AutoChannelEnable 1 boolean Auto channel selection

Advanced WiFi Settings

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Wireless_Mode 11axng string (8 chars) WiFi 6 (802.11ax) mode
Bandwidth 40MHz string 20/40/80/160 MHz
SideBand AboveControlChannel string Channel bonding
RegulatoryDomain US string (3 chars) Country code (US/GB/IN/etc)
Preamble long string short/long preamble
Session_Timeout_Interval 30000 uint32 Timeout in seconds

WiFi Security Features

Setting Example Value Type Purpose
PMF (Protected Management Frames) 0 boolean WPA3 security feature
DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) 0 boolean Radar detection for 5GHz
Protection 0 boolean Mixed mode protection
BandwthCoExist 1 boolean 20/40 MHz coexistence

WiFi Advanced Features

Setting Example Value Notes
11rMDID A1B2 Fast roaming mobility domain ID
FixedGI 1 Guard interval setting
SCS 0 Stream Classification Service
SDFS 0 Slave DFS

3. WAN CONNECTION SETTINGS

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/WANDevice/i1/WANConnectionDevice/i1/WANPPPConnection/i1/

PPPoE Configuration

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Name Internet string (256 chars) Connection name
Username [email protected] string (64 chars) ISP username
Password ************ string (64 chars) ISP password (plaintext)
InterfaceName ppp111 string PPP interface name

IP Configuration

Setting Example Value Type Notes
ExternalIPAddress 203.0.113.10 string Current WAN IPv4
DefaultGateway 203.0.113.1 string Gateway IP
DNSServers 8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 string DNS servers (comma-separated)
MACAddress aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff mac WAN MAC address

IPv6 Configuration

Setting Example Value Type Notes
IPv6Enabled 1 boolean Enable IPv6
ExternalIPv6Address 2001:db8::1 string (46 chars) IPv6 address
IPv6LinklocalAddress fe80::1 string (46 chars) Link-local IPv6
IPv6AddressingType DHCP string DHCP/Static/SLAAC
IPv6PrefixDelegationEnabled 1 boolean Prefix delegation enabled
ExternalIPv6AddressPrefixLength 64 uint8 (0-128) Prefix length
DHCP6cForAddress 1 boolean DHCPv6 client
DualStack 1 uint8 (0-2) IPv4/IPv6 dual stack mode

Advanced WAN Settings

Setting Example Value Notes
SERVICELIST TR069 Services on this WAN
RIPVersion RIPv2 Routing protocol version
ResponseICMP 0 Respond to WAN ping

4. FIREWALL RULES

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_TELEFONICA_Firewall/Firewall/

LAN Firewall

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Name DEFAULTLAN string (64 chars) Rule set name
DefaultAction Permit string Allow/Drop by default
Enable 1 boolean Firewall enabled
Interface br0 string LAN bridge interface

WAN Firewall

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Name DEFAULTWAN string Rule set name
DefaultAction Drop string Deny by default (recommended)
Enable 1 boolean Firewall enabled
Interface ppp111 string WAN interface

Common Firewall Rule Settings:

Setting Type Purpose
Action string Permit/Drop
Protocol string TCP/UDP/ICMP/All
RuleName string (64 chars) Descriptive name
Enabled boolean Rule active/inactive
Source/StartPort uint16 (0-65535) Source port
Destination/StartPort uint16 (0-65535) Destination port
Source/IPAddress string Source IP/network
Destination/IPAddress string Destination IP/network

5. LAN/DHCP CONFIGURATION

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/LANDevice/i1/LANHostConfigManagement/

Setting Example Value Type Purpose
DHCPServerEnable 1 boolean Enable DHCP server
MinAddress 192.168.1.100 string DHCP pool start
MaxAddress 192.168.1.200 string DHCP pool end
SubnetMask 255.255.255.0 string LAN subnet mask
IPRouters 192.168.1.1 string Gateway address for clients
DNSServers 192.168.1.1 string DNS servers for clients
DomainName home.local string Local domain name
DHCPLeaseTime 86400 uint32 Lease duration (seconds)

6. PORT FORWARDING

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/WANDevice/i1/WANConnectionDevice/*/WANIPConnection/i*/PortMapping/

For each port forward rule:

Setting Example Value Type Purpose
PortMappingEnabled 1 boolean Enable/disable rule
ExternalPort 8080 uint16 (0-65535) External port
InternalPort 80 uint16 (0-65535) Internal port
Protocol TCP string TCP/UDP/Both
InternalClient 192.168.1.50 string LAN IP address
Description Web Server string Rule description
PortMappingLeaseDuration 0 uint32 Rule lifetime (0=permanent)

7. REMOTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/

This section controls all remote access services to the router.

Master Enable/Disable

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Enable 1 boolean Master switch for remote management

SSH (Secure Shell)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/SSH/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Type all string Access type filter
Interface Disable / LAN / WAN string (64 chars) Enable SSH by setting to "LAN" or "WAN"

How to Enable SSH:

<SSH>
  <Type PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">all</Type>
  <Interface PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">LAN</Interface>
</SSH>
  • Set Interface to LAN for LAN-only access
  • Set Interface to WAN for internet access (NOT recommended for security)
  • Set Interface to Disable to turn off SSH

Default SSH Port: 22

TELNET

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/TELNET/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Type all string Access type filter
Interface Disable / LAN / WAN string (64 chars) Enable Telnet by setting to "LAN" or "WAN"

How to Enable TELNET:

<TELNET>
  <Type PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">all</Type>
  <Interface PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">LAN</Interface>
</TELNET>
  • Set Interface to LAN for LAN-only access
  • Set Interface to Disable to turn off Telnet

Default Telnet Port: 23

Security Warning: Telnet transmits passwords in plaintext. Use SSH instead when possible.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/FTP/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Type all string Access type filter
Interface Disable / LAN / WAN string (64 chars) Enable FTP access

HTTP/HTTPS (Web Interface)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/HTTP/ and HTTP2/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Type all string Access type filter
Interface Disable / LAN / WAN string (64 chars) Web interface access
  • HTTP: Port 80 (unencrypted)
  • HTTP2/HTTPS: Port 443 (encrypted)

SNMP (Network Management)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/SNMP/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Type all string Access type filter
Port 161 uint32 (0-4294967295) SNMP port number
Interface Disable / LAN / WAN string (64 chars) SNMP access

ICMP (Ping)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/ICMP/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Type all string Access type filter
Interface LAN / WAN / Disable string (64 chars) Allow ping from LAN/WAN

Security Recommendation: Set to LAN only to prevent WAN ping scans.

DNS (DNS Server)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/DNS/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Type all string Access type filter
Interface LAN / WAN / Disable string (64 chars) DNS server access

8. MANAGEMENT SERVER (TR-069)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/ManagementServer/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
URL https://acs.isp.com string Auto-config server URL
Username acs_user string TR-069 authentication
Password acs_pass string TR-069 password
ConnectionRequestUsername admin string Connection request auth
ConnectionRequestPassword admin string CR password
PeriodicInformEnable 1 boolean Auto check-in enabled
PeriodicInformInterval 3600 uint32 Interval in seconds
EnableCWMP 1 boolean Enable TR-069 (disable to prevent ISP remote access)

9. DMZ CONFIGURATION

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_NATExt/DMZ/

Setting Example Value Type Notes
Enable 0 boolean Enable DMZ
Host 192.168.1.100 string DMZ host IP address
Interface Internet_IPoE string WAN interface

10. ALG (Application Layer Gateway)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_NATExt/

Setting Example Value Type Purpose
SIPALGEnable 1 boolean SIP VoIP support
FTPALGEnable 0 boolean FTP NAT traversal
TFTPALGEnable 0 boolean TFTP support
H323ALGEnable 0 boolean H.323 VoIP
RTSPALGEnable 0 boolean RTSP streaming
PPTPALGEnable 0 boolean PPTP VPN passthrough

11. SCHEDULE RULES

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_Ext/Schedule/

Typically 8 predefined schedules (i1-i8): Everyday, Monday-Sunday

For each schedule:

Setting Example Value Type Constraints
Name Weekdays string 128 chars max
Weekly 62 uint8 Bitmask (0-127) for days
Time/End/hour 23 uint8 0-23
Time/End/min 59 uint8 0-59

Weekly Bitmask Values:

  • Sunday: 1
  • Monday: 2
  • Tuesday: 4
  • Wednesday: 8
  • Thursday: 16
  • Friday: 32
  • Saturday: 64
  • Everyday: 127 (all bits set)

12. DYNAMIC DNS

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_DynamicDNS/

Setting Example Value Type Purpose
Enable 1 boolean Enable DDNS
AllowIPv6 1 boolean DDNS for IPv6
Service dyndns string DDNS provider (dyndns/no-ip/etc)
Hostname myrouter.dyndns.org string DDNS hostname
Username ddns_user string DDNS account
Password ddns_pass string DDNS password
Interface WAN string WAN interface to use

13. ROUTING

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/Layer3Forwarding/

Setting Example Value Type Purpose
DefaultConnectionService WAN1 string Default WAN path
DestIPAddress 10.0.0.0 string Destination network
DestSubnetMask 255.255.255.0 string Subnet mask
GatewayIPAddress 192.168.1.254 string Next hop gateway
Interface LAN string Outgoing interface
ForwardingMetric 10 int32 Route priority (lower=preferred)
Enable 1 boolean Route enabled

Security Considerations

Critical Security Findings:

  1. Plaintext Passwords:

    • Admin password stored in plaintext
    • WAN/ISP password stored in plaintext
    • TR-069 password stored in plaintext
    • All credentials visible in decrypted config

  2. Weak Encryption:

    • Config encrypted with hardcoded AES key: EwhJaD44DfprDOs7OXx9jzAtLg5PKtD8
    • Same encryption password across all devices of same model
    • MD5 key derivation (deprecated, vulnerable)

  3. Management Access:

    • TR-069 remote management often enabled by default
    • ISP can remotely access and configure router
    • Connection request credentials typically weak

  4. Network Exposure:

    • WAN firewall may permit TR-069 (port 7547)
    • ICMP responses may be enabled on WAN
    • Multiple ALG services enabled by default

How to Modify Settings

Method 1: Via Web Interface

  1. Login to router: http://192.168.1.1
  2. Enter username and password
  3. Navigate to relevant settings page
  4. Make changes and save

Method 2: Via Configuration File (Advanced)

# 1. Download and decrypt current config
python3 zyxel_backup_restore.py full-backup -u admin -p YOUR_PASSWORD -o config.xml

# 2. Edit config.xml with your changes
nano config.xml  # or any text editor

# 3. Encrypt and restore (WARNING: reboots router!)
python3 zyxel_backup_restore.py full-restore -u admin -p YOUR_PASSWORD -i config.xml

Recommended Security Modifications

1. Change Admin Password

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_Ext/LoginPrivilegeMgmt/i1/Password

<Password PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">NewStrongPassword123!</Password>

2. Change WiFi SSID

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/LANDevice/i1/WLANConfiguration/i1/SSID

<SSID PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="32">MyNewWiFiName</SSID>

3. Change WiFi Password

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/LANDevice/i1/WLANConfiguration/i1/PreSharedKey/i1/PreSharedKey

<PreSharedKey>StrongWiFiPassword123!</PreSharedKey>

4. Disable Remote Management (Highly Recommended)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/ManagementServer/EnableCWMP

<EnableCWMP PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">0</EnableCWMP>

Warning: ISP may re-enable this via provisioning. Some ISP services may break.

5. Change DNS Servers (Privacy)

Path: Multiple locations including WAN connection and DHCP server

<!-- Cloudflare DNS -->
<DNSServers>1.1.1.1,1.0.0.1</DNSServers>

<!-- Google DNS -->
<DNSServers>8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4</DNSServers>

<!-- Quad9 DNS -->
<DNSServers>9.9.9.9,149.112.112.112</DNSServers>

6. Disable WAN ICMP Response (Security)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/WANDevice/i1/WANConnectionDevice/i1/WANPPPConnection/i1/X_5067F0_ResponseICMP

<X_5067F0_ResponseICMP PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">0</X_5067F0_ResponseICMP>

7. Set Static WiFi Channel (Performance)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/LANDevice/i1/WLANConfiguration/i1/

<AutoChannelEnable PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">0</AutoChannelEnable>
<Channel PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="uint8" MAX="13" MIN="1">6</Channel>

Recommended channels: 1, 6, 11 (2.4GHz) / 36, 40, 44, 48 (5GHz)

8. Enable WPA3 (If Supported)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/LANDevice/i1/WLANConfiguration/i1/

<BeaconType PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="32">11i</BeaconType>
<IEEE11iEncryptionModes PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">AESEncryption</IEEE11iEncryptionModes>
<PMF PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">1</PMF>

9. Disable Unused ALG Services

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_NATExt/

<SIPALGEnable PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">0</SIPALGEnable>
<FTPALGEnable PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">0</FTPALGEnable>
<TFTPALGEnable PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">0</TFTPALGEnable>

Note: Only disable if you don't use these services (VoIP, FTP, etc)

10. Strengthen WAN Firewall

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_TELEFONICA_Firewall/Firewall/

<DefaultAction PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">Drop</DefaultAction>
<X_5067F0_Enable PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">1</X_5067F0_Enable>

11. Enable SSH (Secure Remote Access)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/SSH/

<SSH>
  <Type PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">all</Type>
  <Interface PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">LAN</Interface>
</SSH>

Benefits: Encrypted remote command-line access to router

Note: Use LAN for local network only. Never use WAN unless you need internet access (security risk).

12. Enable Telnet (If SSH Not Available)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/X_5067F0_RemoteMGMT/TELNET/

<TELNET>
  <Type PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">all</Type>
  <Interface PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string" LENGTH="64">LAN</Interface>
</TELNET>

Warning: Telnet is unencrypted. Only use if SSH is not available. Prefer SSH when possible.

Common Use Cases

Setting Up Port Forwarding for Web Server

<PortMapping>
  <i1>
    <PortMappingEnabled PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">1</PortMappingEnabled>
    <ExternalPort PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="uint16">80</ExternalPort>
    <InternalPort PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="uint16">80</InternalPort>
    <Protocol PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">TCP</Protocol>
    <InternalClient PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">192.168.1.100</InternalClient>
    <Description PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">Web Server</Description>
  </i1>
</PortMapping>

Creating a Guest WiFi Network

Look for additional WLANConfiguration sections (i2, i3, etc):

<WLANConfiguration>
  <i2>
    <Enable PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">1</Enable>
    <SSID PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">Guest-WiFi</SSID>
    <BeaconType PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">WPAand11i</BeaconType>
    <PreSharedKey>GuestPassword123!</PreSharedKey>
    <X_5067F0_GuestNetwork PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">1</X_5067F0_GuestNetwork>
  </i2>
</WLANConfiguration>

Setting Up Static IP Reservation (DHCP)

Path: InternetGatewayDevice/LANDevice/i1/LANHostConfigManagement/DHCPStaticAddress/

<DHCPStaticAddress>
  <i1>
    <Enable PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="boolean">1</Enable>
    <Chaddr PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff</Chaddr>
    <Yiaddr PARAMETER="configured" TYPE="string">192.168.1.50</Yiaddr>
  </i1>
</DHCPStaticAddress>

Warnings and Best Practices

Critical Warnings:

  • ALWAYS backup your current config before making changes
  • Modifying configuration can break internet connectivity
  • Restoring config will reboot the router (30-90 second downtime)
  • Invalid XML or incompatible settings can brick the router
  • Factory reset may be required to recover from bad config
  • ISP-specific settings (WAN credentials, TR-069) should not be modified unless necessary

Best Practices:

  1. Test in stages: Make one change at a time, not bulk changes
  2. Backup frequently: Keep multiple dated backups
  3. Document changes: Note what you changed and why
  4. Verify XML syntax: Use an XML validator before restoring
  5. Have fallback plan: Know how to factory reset if needed
  6. Understand ISP provisioning: Some settings may be overwritten by TR-069

ISP Provisioning Conflicts:

Some ISPs use TR-069 to automatically configure routers. Settings that may be overwritten:

  • DNS servers
  • Firewall rules
  • TR-069 settings themselves
  • WAN connection parameters
  • Port forwarding rules
  • Management passwords

To prevent this, consider disabling TR-069 (EnableCWMP=0), but be aware this may:

  • Break ISP technical support
  • Prevent automatic firmware updates
  • Disable some ISP-provided services (VoIP, IPTV)

Understanding the Configuration Structure

TR-069 InternetGatewayDevice Hierarchy

InternetGatewayDevice/
├── DeviceInfo/                  # Device model, firmware, serial
├── ManagementServer/            # TR-069 auto-config settings
├── Time/                        # NTP time settings
├── Layer3Forwarding/            # Routing table
├── LANDevice/
│   ├── LANHostConfigManagement/ # DHCP server
│   ├── WLANConfiguration/       # WiFi settings (i1, i2, i3...)
│   └── Hosts/                   # Connected devices
├── WANDevice/
│   └── WANConnectionDevice/
│       ├── WANPPPConnection/    # PPPoE settings
│       └── WANIPConnection/     # DHCP/Static WAN settings
├── X_5067F0_Ext/                # Vendor extensions (Zyxel)
├── X_TELEFONICA_Firewall/       # Firewall configuration
└── X_5067F0_NATExt/             # NAT and ALG settings

Parameter Attributes

Most configurable parameters have these attributes:

  • PARAMETER="configured" - User-configurable setting
  • TYPE - Data type (string, boolean, uint8, uint16, uint32, int32, mac)
  • LENGTH - Maximum string length
  • MIN / MAX - Valid range for numeric values
  • NOTIFICATION - TR-069 notification mode
  • EXTATTR - Extended attributes

Troubleshooting

Config Restore Fails

  • Verify XML is valid (use xmllint config.xml)
  • Check file is properly encrypted before restore
  • Ensure all required parameters are present
  • Verify firmware compatibility

Settings Revert After Restore

  • ISP TR-069 is overwriting settings
  • Try disabling TR-069 (EnableCWMP=0)
  • Some settings may require web interface to persist

Router Becomes Unreachable

  • Wait 5 minutes for full boot
  • Factory reset: Hold reset button 10-30 seconds
  • Connect via ethernet, not WiFi
  • Try default IP: 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.0.1

Decryption Fails

  • Verify file starts with "Salted__" (hex: 53 61 6C 74 65 64 5F 5F)
  • Try different encryption passwords (check firmware)
  • Ensure OpenSSL is installed
  • Check for firmware-specific encryption keys

Additional Resources

Tools Required

  • OpenSSL: Encryption/decryption
  • Python 3.6+: Running backup script
  • XML Editor: Notepad++, VSCode, vim with syntax highlighting
  • XML Validator: xmllint, online validators

Useful Commands

# Validate XML syntax
xmllint --noout config.xml

# Pretty-print XML
xmllint --format config.xml > config_formatted.xml

# Search for specific settings
grep -i "password" config.xml

# Count configurable parameters
grep -c 'PARAMETER="configured"' config.xml

# Extract all SSID values
grep -oP '(?<=<SSID[^>]*>)[^<]+' config.xml

Total Modifiable Categories

  1. User Authentication - Admin accounts, passwords, and permissions
  2. WiFi/WLAN Settings - 2.4GHz and 5GHz configuration (SSID, passwords, channels)
  3. WAN Connection - PPPoE, IPoE, IPv4, IPv6 settings
  4. LAN/DHCP Settings - Local network and DHCP server configuration
  5. Firewall Rules - Inbound/outbound traffic control
  6. Port Forwarding - External to internal port mapping
  7. Remote Management Services:
    • SSH (Secure Shell)
    • Telnet
    • FTP
    • HTTP/HTTPS (Web Interface)
    • SNMP
    • ICMP (Ping)
    • DNS Server
  8. TR-069 Management - ISP auto-configuration protocol
  9. DMZ Configuration - Exposed host settings
  10. ALG Services - Application layer gateways (SIP, FTP, PPTP, etc.)
  11. Schedule Management - Time-based rule execution
  12. Dynamic DNS - Hostname-to-IP mapping services
  13. Routing/Layer 3 Forwarding - Static routes, IPv4/IPv6
  14. QoS/Traffic Management - Traffic prioritization and queuing
  15. UPnP - Universal Plug and Play
  16. VoIP/SIP Settings - Voice over IP configuration
  17. IPSec/VPN Settings - VPN client/server, tunnels
  18. IPv6 Tunneling - 6to4, 6rd, DS-Lite
  19. IGMP/Multicast - IPTV and multicast routing
  20. Logging (Syslog) - System and event logging
  21. Time & NTP - Time synchronization
  22. WiFi Roaming & Band Steering - Seamless WiFi handoff
  23. Device Recognition - Client device identification
  24. Session Reservation - Connection tracking rules

Typical Total: 4,000-5,000 configurable parameters across 24+ categories

License and Disclaimer

This documentation is provided for educational and research purposes only.

Users should:

  • Only modify devices they own or have explicit permission to configure
  • Comply with all applicable laws and regulations
  • Use this information responsibly and ethically
  • Understand that modifications may void warranty
  • Accept full responsibility for configuration changes

Unauthorized access to network devices may be illegal in your jurisdiction.

The tools and techniques described are intended for:

  • Personal router configuration
  • Network administration
  • Security research
  • Educational purposes
  • Legitimate troubleshooting

Not intended for:

  • Unauthorized access to ISP or third-party equipment
  • Circumventing security controls on devices you don't own
  • Commercial exploitation
  • Malicious activities

Document Version: 1.0 Last Updated: 2024-11-18 Applies To: Zyxel routers with TR-069 configuration (VMG series, DX/EX series, etc.)

@ak4zh
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ak4zh commented Nov 20, 2025 •
edited
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It seems EnableCWMP is not available anymore in the config.xml

Edit: realised I just have to add this line, adding it did disabled the TR09.

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