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@charlie89
Last active November 23, 2025 18:41
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AutoHotkey v2 Dark Mode
#Requires AutoHotkey v2.0
; This script creates a dark mode for specific windows by inverting their colors.
; It uses the Windows Magnifier in the background for the color inverting, but it only inverts just the rectangle in place
; of the specific windows, NOT the whole screen like the Magnifier applicaion does. This is possible through DLL calls.
; Big thanks to the original source at https://www.autohotkey.com/boards/viewtopic.php?p=563023#p563023.
; Requirements:
; - AutoHotkey needs to be installed in C:\Program Files (or use the workaround from https://www.reddit.com/r/AutoHotkey/comments/16ux144/ui_access_without_reinstalling_in_program_files_v2/).
; - In the 'Launch Settings' of 'AutoHotkey Dash' you need to enable 'UI Access'.
; Usage:
; Use Win+i to invert a window manually or add it to the auto_invert_gp group to invert it automatically.
#SingleInstance Force
if (!A_IsCompiled && !InStr(A_AhkPath, "_UIA")) {
Run "*uiAccess " A_ScriptFullPath
ExitApp
}
SetTitleMatchMode "RegEx"
; Add Programs for automatic dark mode here:
GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_class #32770", , "Find|Öffnen|Speichern unter" ; Windows Explorer properties window and many others (but not the file open/save dialog that is already dark)
GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_class OperationStatusWindow" ; Windows Explorer dialogs
GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_exe AutoHotkeyUX.exe"
GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_exe hh.exe" ; Windows Help
GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_exe mmc.exe"
GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_exe procexp64.exe" ; Process Explorer
GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_exe regedit.exe"
;GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_exe Taskmgr.exe"
GroupAdd "auto_invert_gp", "ahk_exe WinRAR.exe"
; Add Programs where automatic dark mode should never be applied here:
; This is mostly because they have dialogs that match ahk_class #32770 but are already in dark mode
AutoInvIgnProcName:= ["notepad++.exe"]
#MaxThreadsPerHotkey 2
DetectHiddenWindows true
; SetBatchLines -1
SetWinDelay -1
OnExit Uninitialize
global Inverters := []
global WINDOWINFO
global pTarget := 0
; Color Matrix used to transform the colors
; Special thanks to https://github.com/mlaily/NegativeScreen/blob/master/NegativeScreen/Configuration.cs, they have many more color matrixes.
; I'm not too keen on the maths, so maybe I'm missing some things,
; but here is my basic understanding of what does what in a color matrix, when applied to a color vector:
; r*=x g+=x*r b+=x*r a+=x*r 0
; r+=x*g g*=x b+=x*g a+=x*g 0
; r+=x*b g+=x*b b*=x a+=x*b 0
; r+=x*a g+=x*a b+=x*a a*=x 0
; r+=x g+=x b+=x a+=x 1
; Simple Inversion
MatrixInv := "-1|0|0|0|0|"
. "0|-1|0|0|0|"
. "0|0|-1|0|0|"
. "0|0|0|1|0|"
. "1|1|1|0|1"
; Smart Inversion
MatrixSmart := "0.333|-0.667|-0.667|0|0|"
. "-0.667| 0.333|-0.667|0|0|"
. "-0.667|-0.667|0.333|0|0|"
. "0|0|0|1|0|"
. "1|1|1|0|1"
; High saturation, good pure colors
MatrixHigh := "1|-1|-1|0|0|"
. "-1|1|-1|0|0|"
. "-1|-1|1|0|0|"
. "0|0|0|1|0|"
. "1|1|1|0|1"
; set the wanted color matix
global Matrix := MatrixHigh
; ==== changes below here only for more experienced users, all casual settings are above ====
; enable per-monitor DPI awareness
try dac := DllCall("SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext", 'ptr', -3, 'ptr')
; globals for taskbar height handling
global TaskBarAtBottom := true
global VisibleScreenHeight := A_ScreenHeight
; A window must never invert over a location that is used by the windows taskbar (ugly).
; The taskbar can be dynamically shown or hidden, so this calculates how much screen height
; the inverted window can have from the top down to the taskbar.
refreshVisibleScreenHeight()
{
global TaskBarAtBottom
global VisibleScreenHeight
try {
WinGetPos ,&y,, &h, "ahk_class Shell_TrayWnd"
} catch {
; an error can occur when you change the windows setting "Automatically hide the taskbar"
; under Personalization -> Taskbar -> Taskbar behavioors
; because the taskbar seems to get destroyed and recreated
TaskBarAtBottom := false
VisibleScreenHeight:= A_ScreenHeight
return
}
if ( y + 2 = A_ScreenHeight) { ; Taskbar hidden (it still takes up 2 pixels)
TaskBarAtBottom := true
VisibleScreenHeight := A_ScreenHeight
}
else if (A_ScreenHeight - y <= h) { ; Taskhar shown (or in the move in/out animation)
TaskBarAtBottom := true
VisibleScreenHeight := y
}
else {
TaskBarAtBottom := false
VisibleScreenHeight:= A_ScreenHeight
}
}
inGroup(GroupName, WinTitle := "A", WinText := "", ExcludeTitle := "", ExcludeText := "")
{
GroupIDs := WinGetList("ahk_group " GroupName)
Window := WinExist(WinTitle, WinText, ExcludeTitle, ExcludeText)
Loop GroupIDs.Length
{
if (GroupIDs[A_Index] = Window)
{
;found match
return Window
}
}
return false
}
class Inverter
{
hTarget := ""
hGui := ""
hGui1 := ""
hGui2 := ""
hChildMagnifier := ""
hChildMagnifier1 := ""
hChildMagnifier2 := ""
xPrev := 0
yPrev := 0
wPrev := 0
hPrev := 0
VisibleScreenHeightPrev := 0
stopped := 0
__New(hTarget)
{
DetectHiddenWindows true
this.hTarget := hTarget
DllCall("LoadLibrary", "str", "magnification.dll")
DllCall("magnification.dll\MagInitialize")
MAGCOLOREFFECT := Buffer(100, 0)
Loop Parse Matrix, "|"
NumPut("Float", A_LoopField, MAGCOLOREFFECT, (A_Index - 1) * 4)
Loop 2
{
gid := hTarget "_" A_Index
MyGui := Gui(, gid,)
if (A_Index = 2)
MyGui.Opt("+AlwaysOnTop") ; needed for ZBID_UIACCESS
; +HWNDhGui%A_Index%
MyGui.Opt("+DPIScale +toolwindow -Caption +E0x02000000 +E0x00080000 +E0x20") ; WS_EX_COMPOSITED := E0x02000000 WS_EX_LAYERED := E0x00080000 WS_EX_CLICKTHROUGH := E0x20
MyGui.Show("NA")
this.hGui%A_Index%:= MyGui.Hwnd
this.hChildMagnifier%A_Index% := DllCall("CreateWindowEx", "uint", 0, "str", "Magnifier", "str", "MagnifierWindow", "uint", WS_CHILD := 0x40000000, "int", 0, "int", 0, "int", 0, "int", 0, "ptr", this.hGui%A_Index%, "uint", 0, "ptr", DllCall("GetWindowLong" (A_PtrSize=8 ? "Ptr" : ""), "ptr", this.hGui%A_Index%, "int", GWL_HINSTANCE := -6 , "ptr"), "uint", 0, "ptr")
DllCall("magnification.dll\MagSetColorEffect", "ptr", this.hChildMagnifier%A_Index%, "ptr", MAGCOLOREFFECT)
}
gid := hTarget "_" 2
this.hGui := this.hGui1
this.hChildMagnifier := this.hChildMagnifier1
return this
}
stop() {
DetectHiddenWindows true
if(!this.stopped) {
this.stopped := 1
hGui := this.hGui
WinHide "ahk_id " hGui
hGui := this.hGui1
WinHide "ahk_id " hGui
hGui := this.hGui2
WinHide "ahk_id " hGui
hChildMagnifier := this.hChildMagnifier
WinHide "ahk_id " hChildMagnifier
hChildMagnifier := this.hChildMagnifier1
WinHide "ahk_id " hChildMagnifier
hChildMagnifier := this.hChildMagnifier2
WinHide "ahk_id " hChildMagnifier
}
}
start() {
DetectHiddenWindows true
if(this.stopped) {
this.stopped := 0
hChildMagnifier := this.hChildMagnifier
WinShow "ahk_id " hChildMagnifier
hGui := this.hGui
WinShow "ahk_id " hGui
}
}
doit()
{
DetectHiddenWindows true
hTarget := this.hTarget
hGui := this.hGui
hGui1 := this.hGui1
hGui2 := this.hGui2
hChildMagnifier := this.hChildMagnifier
hChildMagnifier1 := this.hChildMagnifier1
hChildMagnifier2 := this.hChildMagnifier2
hideGui := ""
WINDOWINFO := Buffer(60, 0)
if (this.stopped or DllCall("GetWindowInfo", "ptr", hTarget, "ptr", WINDOWINFO) = 0) and (A_LastError = 1400)
{
; xx("destroyed")
return
}
if (NumGet(WINDOWINFO, 36, "uint") & 0x20000000) or !(NumGet(WINDOWINFO, 36, "uint") & 0x10000000)
{
; minimized or not visible
if (this.wPrev != 0)
{
WinHide "ahk_id " hGui
this.wPrev := 0
}
sleep 10
return 1
}
x := NumGet(WINDOWINFO, 20, "int")
y := NumGet(WINDOWINFO, 8, "int")
w := NumGet(WINDOWINFO, 28, "int") - x
h := NumGet(WINDOWINFO, 32, "int") - y
move := 0
if (hGui = hGui1) and ((NumGet(WINDOWINFO, 44, "uint") = 1) or (DllCall("GetAncestor", "ptr", WinExist("A"), "uint", GA_ROOTOWNER := 3, "ptr") = hTarget))
{
; xx("activated")
hGui := hGui2
hChildMagnifier := hChildMagnifier2
move := 1
hideGui := hGui1
}
else if (hGui = hGui2) and (NumGet(WINDOWINFO, 44, "uint") != 1) and ((hr := DllCall("GetAncestor", "ptr", WinExist("A"), "uint", GA_ROOTOWNER := 3, "ptr")) != hTarget) and hr
{
; deactivated
hGui := hGui1
hChildMagnifier := hChildMagnifier1
WinMove x, y, w, h, "ahk_id " hGui
WinMove 0, 0, w, h, "ahk_id " hChildMagnifier
WinShow "ahk_id " hChildMagnifier
DllCall("SetWindowPos", "ptr", hGui, "ptr", hTarget, "int", 0, "int", 0, "int", 0, "int", 0, "uint", 0x0040|0x0010|0x001|0x002)
DllCall("SetWindowPos", "ptr", hTarget, "ptr", 1, "int", 0, "int", 0, "int", 0, "int", 0, "uint", 0x0040|0x0010|0x001|0x002) ; some windows can not be z-positioned before setting them to bottom
DllCall("SetWindowPos", "ptr", hTarget, "ptr", hGui, "int", 0, "int", 0, "int", 0, "int", 0, "uint", 0x0040|0x0010|0x001|0x002)
hideGui := hGui2
}
else if (x != this.xPrev) or (y != this.yPrev) or (w != this.wPrev) or (h != this.hPrev)
or (TaskBarAtBottom and (VisibleScreenHeight != this.VisibleScreenHeightPrev) and (y + h > VisibleScreenHeight))
{
; location changed or taskbar changed and is over window
move := 1
}
if(move) {
; never invert over a location that is used by the windows taskbar
if (TaskBarAtBottom and (y + h > VisibleScreenHeight)) {
h := VisibleScreenHeight - y ; escape taskbar
}
WinMove x, y, w, h, "ahk_id " hGui
WinMove 0, 0, w, h, "ahk_id " hChildMagnifier
WinShow "ahk_id " hChildMagnifier
WinShow "ahk_id " hGui
}
if (A_PtrSize = 8)
{
RECT := Buffer(16, 0)
NumPut("int", x, RECT, 0)
NumPut("int", y, RECT, 4)
NumPut("int", w, RECT, 8)
NumPut("int", h, RECT, 12)
DllCall("magnification.dll\MagSetWindowSource", "ptr", hChildMagnifier, "ptr", RECT)
}
else
DllCall("magnification.dll\MagSetWindowSource", "ptr", hChildMagnifier, "int", x, "int", y, "int", w, "int", h)
this.xPrev := x, this.yPrev := y, this.wPrev := w, this.hPrev := h, this.VisibleScreenHeightPrev := VisibleScreenHeight
this.hChildMagnifier := hChildMagnifier
this.hGui := hGui
if hideGui
{
WinHide "ahk_id " hideGui
hideGui := ""
}
return 1
}
}
; Automatically turn on inversion filter
loop
{
DetectHiddenWindows false ;would otherwise find many other windows
aTarget := WinExist("A")
if (aTarget != pTarget) { ; other window focused, check if it should be automatically inverted
pTarget:= aTarget
GroupIDs := WinGetList("ahk_group auto_invert_gp")
;Concat := ""
;For Each, Element In GroupIDs {
; If (Concat != "") {
; Concat .= "`n"
; }
; Concat .= Element ": " WinGetProcessName(Element) ;WinGetTitle(Element)
;}
;MsgBox Concat
Loop GroupIDs.Length
{
hTarget := GroupIDs[A_Index]
if (hTarget = aTarget) { ;currently focused window in auto_invert_gp group
found:= 0
For index, tmp in Inverters {
if(tmp.hTarget = hTarget) {
found:= 1
Break
}
}
if (found = 0) {
;MsgBox "Invert " hTarget " " WinGetProcessName(hTarget)
hTargetName:= WinGetProcessName(hTarget)
ignore:= 0
Loop AutoInvIgnProcName.Length
{
if AutoInvIgnProcName[A_Index] = hTargetName {
ignore:= 1
Break
}
}
if (ignore = 0) {
ToggleInversion(hTarget)
}
}
Break
}
}
}
; Refresh all inverted windows
first := true
For index, tmp in Inverters {
if(!tmp.stopped) {
; on first window refresh visible screen height
if (first) {
first := false
refreshVisibleScreenHeight()
}
ret := tmp.doit()
if(!ret) {
tmp.stop()
Inverters.removeAt(index)
Break
}
}
}
}
ToggleInversion(hTarget) {
found:= 0
For index, tmp in Inverters {
if(tmp.hTarget=hTarget) {
found:= 1
if(tmp.stopped) {
tmp.start()
}
else {
tmp.stop()
}
Break
}
}
if (found = 0) {
tmp := Inverter(hTarget)
Inverters.push(tmp)
}
}
#i:: ;Win+i
{
ToggleInversion(WinExist("A"))
}
Uninitialize(ExitReason, ExitCode)
{
DllCall("magnification.dll\MagUninitialize")
ExitApp
}
@charlie89
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Author

Hi,
yeah AI is currently still very bad with autohotkey scripts, i also made that experience. There is a v1 and a v2 syntax, and there are a few similar programs (i.e. there is a version which runs on linux) which aim to be "syntax-compatible" but have partially different syntax, and i guess the AI can't tell the difference of all that.

Do you have performance problems? Because for me it runs just fine on a i5-9500M mobile cpu and uses maybe 2-3% cpu when inverting a few windows. I still don't fully understand the code in the Inverter class (i just took it from the mentioned link and changed it from v1 to v2 syntax), so it's difficult for me to improve anything here.

What i want to improve when i have time for it:

  • Add a feature which looks at the color of the program's title bar to decide if the window should be inverted.
  • Try to fix a bug when there is a dialog which opens another dialog which opens then another dialog (happens in Visual Studio in the Project Options and some other programs) then the 2nd dialog suddenly stops inverting it's color.
  • Disable font font smoothing / anti-aliasing (or however it is called) on inverted windows, because a partial inversion (like with the Smart Inversion filter) doesn't invert the smoothed part of the fonts and that makes text very hard to read. I use a windows VM at home which seems to disable that smoothing so i only noticed that at work.

To your suggestions (which sound like they come from an AI..?):

  • use Widget instead of WinExist: i will look it up.
  • cache the results of calling DllCall("GetWindowInfo", ...): it's only called once and writes in the WINDOWINFO buffer, so i don't see how i could cache something there. Do you have a code example?
  • more efficient algorithm to search for an inverter: Do you have a code example? Because i don't know a faster syntax. Also usually there are only a few inverted windows at max, so looping over those few should still be plenty fast. Or do you have a use-case to invert thousands of windows at once?
  • use DllCall("magnification.dll\MagUninitialize") only if the inverters are actually used: Do you restart that script every few seconds? I mean i see your point, but the usual use-case would probably be to start the script through Windows autostart and it gets closed when you shutdown the PC, that single Dll call shouldn't matter at all. And if one doesn't remove the 'ahk_class #32770' from the script then to 99% there was a inverter used because very many programs (not only windows, also notepad++ or the modern visual studio code) still have dialogs with class #32770.

@e-t-l
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e-t-l commented Aug 19, 2024

Beautiful script, thank you! I recently went on a Windows dark mode crusade and ended up installing SecureUXtheme and modifying my own .msstyles files to inject, just to get some Win32 apps to finally be dark - and there was an AHK script for it all along!

@e-t-l
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e-t-l commented Aug 19, 2024

...I do see what that other commenter was saying about optimizing it, though. I have one program assigned to the auto invert group, and this script is eating up over 5% of my CPU (on a new gaming PC, no less), while the target program isn't even running! Is there a way to make this script idle more efficiently, or make a helper script call this script only when the target program is running? I thought it already had the latter feature implemented, but maybe not...

@e-t-l
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e-t-l commented Aug 19, 2024

Try the fastest ways: other programs, such as Dark Any App, Easy Window Invert, negativescreen and etc

Well sure, but I'm on github because I like open source. Easy Invert is proprietary, negativescreen can't do individual apps as far as I can tell, and Dark Any App is proprietary and triggered my antivirus as soon as I tried to go to their website, which isn't encouraging

@e-t-l
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e-t-l commented Aug 19, 2024

Anyway, I did create a helper script to call this one when the target window is created. I think it would be useful to have some logic in this script that detects when there are no longer any target windows existing, to kill the script. I can't figure out where or how to do that, though. I think it should go somewhere in one of the loops?

@e-t-l
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e-t-l commented Aug 19, 2024

Hell yeah I figured it out (I'm a pretty novice programmer so I view this as an accomplishment)

At Line 328 insert:

invLen:= Inverters.Length
if(invLen = 0) {
	Uninitialize(ExitApp,0)
}

@zoharl3
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zoharl3 commented Nov 5, 2024

It doesn't work properly:
I invert a window. When the window is inactive, it's inverted. Once I activate it, it turns back to normal.
No issue with the original script.

@BillySp33d
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When the taskbar is hidden the script doesnt convert the area where the taskbar used to be. I'm assuming this is an oversight since most people don't have their taskbar set to auto hide? Otherwise great script, makes fusion 360 less of a pain to use! I just wish it worked on the whole screen.

@charlie89
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@BillySp33d: A hidden taskbar is now recognized. That feature was not in the original script and yeah i never hide my taskbar 😄 What still doesn't work is inverting below the taskbar when you have a 2nd monitor that goes below the taskbar (that hasn't worked before).
And i enabled per-monitor DPI awareness, so you could have monitors with different DPI settings or when you change the DPI scaling in windows you don't need to restart the script any more.

@xypha
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xypha commented May 8, 2025

@charlie89 Thank you. This helps a lot :)

Looks like the inGroup() function is redundant and can be removed.

The text on my pc (acer EX215-31 win11 24h2) appears to be blurred in all apps I've tried (hh.exe, everything.exe, and AHK msgbox).
See example below with AHK help file showing comparison between this script with MatrixHigh dark mode (Feb 18 2025 version) and in-built dark mode.
Is there a way to correct this text blurring?

2025-05-08 @ 19:16:27

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