| #include <iostream> | |
| #include <vector> | |
| #include <string> | |
| // Interface - defines what all enemies must do | |
| class IEnemy { | |
| public: | |
| virtual ~IEnemy() {} // Virtual destructor for cleanup | |
| virtual void takeDamage(int damage) = 0; // Pure virtual = must implement | |
| virtual void update() = 0; | |
| virtual bool isAlive() const = 0; | |
| }; | |
| // Concrete enemy types | |
| class Zombie : public IEnemy { | |
| private: | |
| int health = 50; | |
| public: | |
| void takeDamage(int damage) override { | |
| health -= damage; | |
| std::cout << "Zombie takes " << damage << " damage! "; | |
| std::cout << "Health: " << health << "\n"; | |
| } | |
| void update() override { | |
| std::cout << "Zombie shambles forward...\n"; | |
| } | |
| bool isAlive() const override { | |
| return health > 0; | |
| } | |
| }; | |
| class Robot : public IEnemy { | |
| private: | |
| int armor = 100; | |
| public: | |
| void takeDamage(int damage) override { | |
| int reducedDamage = damage / 2; // Robots have armor! | |
| armor -= reducedDamage; | |
| std::cout << "Robot deflects damage! Takes " << reducedDamage << ". "; | |
| std::cout << "Armor: " << armor << "\n"; | |
| } | |
| void update() override { | |
| std::cout << "Robot scanning for targets...\n"; | |
| } | |
| bool isAlive() const override { | |
| return armor > 0; | |
| } | |
| }; | |
| // Game code - works with ANY enemy type | |
| void attackEnemy(IEnemy* enemy, int damage) { | |
| enemy->takeDamage(damage); | |
| } | |
| int main() { | |
| // Create different enemy types | |
| std::vector<IEnemy*> enemies; | |
| enemies.push_back(new Zombie()); | |
| enemies.push_back(new Robot()); | |
| // Attack all enemies the same way! | |
| std::cout << "=== ATTACKING ALL ENEMIES ===\n"; | |
| for (IEnemy* enemy : enemies) { | |
| attackEnemy(enemy, 20); | |
| } | |
| // Update all enemies | |
| std::cout << "\n=== UPDATING ALL ENEMIES ===\n"; | |
| for (IEnemy* enemy : enemies) { | |
| if (enemy->isAlive()) { | |
| enemy->update(); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| // Cleanup | |
| for (IEnemy* enemy : enemies) { | |
| delete enemy; | |
| } | |
| return 0; | |
| } |
Polymorphism: The attackEnemy function works with ANY enemy type
Easy to extend: Want to add a Dragon? Just implement IEnemy
Cleaner code: Game systems don't need to know specific enemy types
Without interfaces, you'd need separate code for each enemy type, making your game harder to maintain and extend