PythagoRascal

A Simple And Intuitive Explanation of How Gizmos Work In 3D Space

If you've ever used a 3D editor, then you've most likely used a certain thing called "Gizmo", Gizmos are essentially transformation modifiers that's within a world, they let you modify the object's position, orientation and scale. The implementation of a Gizmo is actually fairly straightforward for the most part (or may not be depending on how your application handles things internally, but at the fundamental level it's simple).

This article would only cover Translations and Rotations, Scaling is very easy to implement after understanding how the first two work. And also this may give you a hint into how Blender's robust implementation of Gizmo works as well!

CUSTOM GAME ENGINES: A Small Study

WARNING: Article moved to separate repo to allow users contributions: https://github.com/raysan5/custom_game_engines

A couple of weeks ago I played (and finished) A Plague Tale, a game by Asobo Studio. I was really captivated by the game, not only by the beautiful graphics but also by the story and the locations in the game. I decided to investigate a bit about the game tech and I was surprised to see it was developed with a custom engine by a relatively small studio. I know there are some companies using custom engines but it's very difficult to find a detailed market study with that kind of information curated and updated. So this article.

Nowadays lots of companies choose engines like [Unreal](https:

Minimal D3D11

Minimal D3D11 reference implementation: An uncluttered Direct3D 11 setup + basic rendering primer and API familiarizer. Complete, runnable Windows application contained in a single function and laid out in a linear, step-by-step fashion that should be easy to follow from the code alone. ~200 LOC. No modern C++, OOP or (other) obscuring cruft. View on YouTube

Other gists in this series:

Minimal D3D11 part 2

Exporting your 2FA tokens from Authy to transfer them into another 2FA application

IMPORTANT - Update regarding deprecation of Authy desktop apps

Past August 2024, Authy stopped supported the desktop version of their apps:
See Authy is shutting down its desktop app | The 2FA app Authy will only be available on Android and iOS starting in August for details.

And indeed, after a while, Authy changed something in their backend which now prevents the old desktop app from logging in. If you are already logged in, then you are in luck, and you can follow the instructions below to export your tokens.

If you are not logged in anymore, but can find a backup of the necessary files, then restore those files, and re-install Authy 2.2.3 following the instructions below, and it should work as expected.

	///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
	// ABOUT: A unity Shader .cginc to draw numbers in the fragment shader
	// AUTHOR: Freya Holmér
	// LICENSE: Use for whatever, commercial or otherwise!
	// Don't hold me liable for issues though
	// But pls credit me if it works super well <3
	// LIMITATIONS: There's some precision loss beyond 3 decimal places
	// CONTRIBUTORS: yes please! if you know a more precise way to get
	// decimal digits then pls lemme know!
	// GetDecimalSymbolAt() could use some more love/precision

	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using UnityEngine;
	using UnityEngine.Rendering;
	using UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal;

	public class RenderObjectsToTextureFeature : ScriptableRendererFeature
	{
	public RenderObjectsToTexturePass.Settings Settings = new();

	// example how to set up OpenGL core context on Windows for rendering to multiple windows

	#define WINDOW_COUNT 4 // how many windows we'll be opening?

	// important extension functionality used here:
	// (4.3) KHR_debug: https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/KHR/KHR_debug.txt
	// (4.5) ARB_direct_state_access: https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/ARB/ARB_direct_state_access.txt
	// (4.1) ARB_separate_shader_objects: https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/ARB/ARB_separate_shader_objects.txt
	// (4.2) ARB_shading_language_420pack: https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/ARB/ARB_shading_language_420pack.txt
	// (4.3) ARB_explicit_uniform_location: https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/ARB/ARB_explicit_uniform_location.txt

	// example how to set up D3D11 rendering on Windows in C

	#define COBJMACROS
	#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
	#include <windows.h>
	#include <d3d11.h>
	#include <dxgi1_3.h>
	#include <d3dcompiler.h>
	#include <dxgidebug.h>

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	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using Entitas;

	public class CompositeSystem : Systems {
	IContexts contexts;

	public CompositeSystem(IContexts contexts) {
	this.contexts = contexts;
	}